Option 1: They glorified the Muslim rule in India. This option is incorrect because the ishtahars issued during the Revolt of 1857 did not specifically glorify Muslim rule in India. The revolt was a result of various factors and was not based on promoting a particular religious or ruling community.

Option 2: They glorified the co-existence of different communities under the Mughal Empire. This option is correct. The ishtahars issued during the Revolt of 1857 aimed to unite people of different communities, including Hindus and Muslims, against the British East India Company. These ishtahars highlighted the shared grievances of the Indian population and called for unity against British rule.

Option 3: They glorified the message of Islam. This option is incorrect. While the revolt did have some religious elements, the ishtahars primarily focused on the broader idea of resisting British oppression and did not specifically glorify the message of Islam.

Option 4: They glorified the role of Queen Victoria. This option is incorrect. The ishtahars were explicitly against British rule and aimed to overthrow British authority in India. They did not praise or glorify the role of Queen Victoria, who was the monarch of the British Empire at that