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Option 1: Firoz Tughlaq - This option is the correct answer. Firoz Tughlaq, who ruled as the Sultan of Delhi, established an employment bureau, a charity bureau, and a charitable hospital. These initiatives were aimed at providing employment opportunities for the needy, distributing charity, and providing medical facilities to the underprivileged. Firoz Tughlaq was known for his focus on welfare measures and social reforms during his reign.
Option 2: Mohammad Tughlaq - This option is incorrect. Mohammad Tughlaq was a Sultan of Delhi, but there is no record of him establishing employment bureau, charity bureau, or charitable hospitals.
Option 3: Alauddin Khilji - This option is incorrect. Alauddin Khilji ruled as the Sultan of Delhi, but he did not establish any employment bureau, charity bureau, or charitable hospitals.
Option 4: Balban - This option is incorrect. Balban, who was also a Sultan of Delhi, did not establish any employment bureau, charity bureau, or charitable hospitals.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 1, Firoz Tughlaq.