The correct answer is option 1, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who is known as the "Father of the Indian Renaissance". Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a social reformer and scholar who played a significant role in bringing about social, cultural, and educational reforms in India during the 19th century. He was a key figure in the Bengal Renaissance and advocated for the abolition of practices like sati (widow burning), child marriage, and caste discrimination. He also campaigned for the promotion of education and the spread of modern ideas in Indian society. Raja Ram Mohan Roy`s efforts laid the foundation for the intellectual and cultural awakening of India, making him a pivotal figure in the country`s history.