The correct answer is option 1, Pallava. Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram, was established by the Pallava dynasty. The Pallava dynasty was a South Indian dynasty that ruled the region from the 3rd to the 9th century CE. They were patrons of art, architecture, and literature, and they made significant contributions to the development of temple architecture in the region. Mahabalipuram is famous for its group of monuments, which are UNESCO World Heritage sites. These monuments, carved out of rock, showcase the architectural brilliance of the Pallava dynasty. They include stunning structures like the Shore Temple and the Five Rathas. The Pallavas were known for their expertise in stone carving and their architectural style had a significant influence on later Dravidian architectural styles.