With reference to 'Eco-Sensitive Zones', which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Eco-Sensitive Zones are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. 2. The purpose of the declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities in those zones except agriculture. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

States create National Parks under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, showing the Act is used to declare and regulate certain categories of protected areas.

A student could contrast the list of protected area types explicitly created under the Act (e.g., national parks) with the legal basis for ESZs to see if ESZs are named there.

The snippet notes that Protected Areas (National Parks, Sanctuaries, Marine Biosphere Reserves) have been created under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 to conserve marine life, indicating the Act’s scope for designating conservation zones.

One could check whether ESZs are listed alongside these protected-area categories in the Act or in rules made under it.

The Act provides legal support to conservation areas classified as National parks, sanctuaries and closed areas, implying a specific taxonomy of areas the Act covers.

A student could use this taxonomy to test whether ESZs fit any of these classifications or are referenced separately in environmental law.

The Act’s amendments and the description of what it covers (wildlife, specified plants, schedules) highlight that the Act defines specific protections and categories rather than a broad generic power to declare any environmental zone.

Using this, one could examine the Act’s text or amendment history to see if ESZs were introduced as a new category or left to another law/authority.

The Act led to declaration of large tracts as national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere areas (quantified here), reinforcing that the Act has been the instrument for specific types of declarations of protected land.

A student might compare the statutory instrument used for those declarations with the instrument cited for ESZ notifications (e.g., which ministry or Act issues ESZs).

Describes a legal designation — Protected Special Agriculture Zone — where non‑agricultural projects are disallowed and only agri‑based industries permitted, showing that India uses zone declarations to permit agriculture while restricting other activities.

A student could compare the stated rules for this agriculture zone with ESZ notifications to see if ESZs follow the same pattern of allowing agriculture while banning other activities.

Lists examples of policy instruments that prohibit or restrict industrial or development locations in specific geographic belts (e.g., coastal belts), indicating that Indian environmental notifications commonly regulate/ban particular activities in designated zones rather than blanket bans.

Use this pattern to infer that ESZs are likely defined by lists of restricted activities; check ESZ rules to see whether they restrict specific activities or only allow agriculture.

Explains that areas can be declared Ecologically Sensitive Areas or conservation reserves to 'grant protection' and may involve habitat restoration and voluntary relocation, implying protected declarations often limit human activities and may require community measures.

Extend this to predict that ESZ declarations will include activity restrictions and community provisions, so one should look for those clauses rather than assume only agriculture is permitted.

Describes floodplain zoning where construction is 'totally prohibited' in a zone and other zones are 'restrictive', showing India uses zonal bans on types of human activity for environmental/hazard reasons.

By analogy, a student can expect ESZs might similarly prohibit certain activities (like construction/industry) while possibly allowing others (e.g., traditional agriculture), so check ESZ regulations for specific allowed/prohibited lists.

Explains Coastal Regulation Zones aim 'to protect the coastal zone and regulate development activities' and classifies multiple subzones, illustrating that environmental zone notifications typically regulate development rather than simply permit only agriculture.

Apply this zoning model to ESZs: expect subcategories and activity‑specific regulation rather than a single rule 'only agriculture allowed'; verify by reading ESZ notification details.