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Why is there a concern about copper smelting plants? 1. They may release lethal quantities of carbon monoxide into environment. 2. The copper slag can cause the leaching of some heavy metals into environment. 3. They may release sulphur dioxide as a pollutant. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 2 (2 and 3 only). Copper smelting is a metallurgical process that involves chemical and environmental risks addressed in the statements below:
- Statement 1 is incorrect: While smelting involves combustion, these plants are not primary sources of lethal quantities of carbon monoxide. Their primary gaseous emissions are related to the oxidation of sulfide ores.
- Statement 2 is correct: Copper slag, a byproduct of the smelting process, contains traces of heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium, and lead. If not managed properly, these can leach into the soil and groundwater, causing significant environmental toxicity.
- Statement 3 is correct: Most copper ores are sulfur-based (like Chalcopyrite). Roasting and smelting these ores releases massive amounts of sulphur dioxide (SO2), a major air pollutant that contributes to acid rain and respiratory issues.
Therefore, since statements 2 and 3 are scientifically validated environmental concerns associated with copper plants, Option 2 is the right choice.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewStatement 3 (SO2) is a static textbook fact regarding sulphide ores. Statement 2 (Leaching) is standard environmental logic regarding mining waste. Statement 1 is the hurdle: do not look for a book line stating 'Copper plants release lethal CO'; instead, apply the 'Industrial Combustion' heuristic—any high-temperature furnace using carbon fuel *can* release CO.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Are copper smelting plants known to emit carbon monoxide (CO) at concentrations that can be lethal to humans?
- Statement 2: Does copper slag produced by copper smelting cause leaching of heavy metals into soil or water in the environment?
- Statement 3: Do copper smelting plants emit sulphur dioxide (SO2) as an air pollutant?
Defines CO as a product of incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels (petrol, diesel, wood) and notes its toxic effect on human oxygen uptake.
A student can infer that any industrial process using carbonaceous fuels (e.g., for smelting furnaces) could produce CO if combustion is incomplete, so one should check whether smelters use such fuels and monitor CO near furnaces.
Describes roasting of sulphide ores by strong heating in air as a step in converting sulphides to oxides prior to metal extraction.
A student could link high‑temperature ore processing (roasting/smelting) to potential combustion/chemical gas emissions and thus seek studies measuring CO and other gases from roasting/smelting operations.
Lists carbon monoxide among common man‑made air pollutants associated with combustion sources in urban/industrial contexts.
Use this pattern to suspect industrial plants (including metal works) as potential CO sources and then check location‑specific emission inventories or ambient CO measurements near smelters.
Mentions an actual copper plant (Tajola Copper Plant), establishing that copper smelting/processing facilities exist as local industrial sources.
Combine awareness of actual plants with the combustion/roasting clues above to target those specific plants for emission measurements or regulatory records on CO emissions.
Refers to smokestacks and combustion sources emitting various gases and groups CO/CO2 with combustion emissions.
Suggests consulting smokestack emission profiles or environmental impact assessments for smelters to see whether CO is reported and at what concentrations.
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