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Q26 (IAS/2021) Environment & Ecology › Pollution & Conservation › Waste management practices Official Key

'R2 Code of Practices' constitutes a tool available for promoting the adoption of

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1.

The R2 (Responsible Recycling) Code of Practices is an international standard specifically designed for the electronics recycling industry. Managed by Sustainable Electronics Recycling International (SERI), it provides a common set of processes, safety measures, and documentation requirements for businesses that repair and recycle used electronics.

  • Why Option 1 is correct: The R2 standard ensures that "end-of-life" electronics are managed in a way that protects the environment, worker health, and data security. It discourages the illegal export of e-waste to developing nations.
  • Why other options are incorrect: The Ramsar Convention (Option 2) governs wetlands through its own specific guidelines. Agricultural practices (Option 3) and Environmental Impact Assessments (Option 4) are regulated by different frameworks like the FAO guidelines or national environmental legislations, which are unrelated to the R2 technical certification.
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. 'R2 Code of Practices' constitutes a tool available for promoting the adoption of [A] environmentally responsible practices in electroni…
At a glance
Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Global Standard/Certification' question. It falls outside standard textbooks (Shankar/Majid) and relies on awareness of international industrial frameworks. The strategy is to track 'Codes', 'Metrics', and 'Initiatives' mentioned in environmental news, specifically those regulating high-impact sectors like E-waste, Green Building (LEED/GRIHA), or Beach management (Blue Flag).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the 'R2 Code of Practices' a tool for promoting environmentally responsible practices in the electronics recycling industry?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > Salient features > p. 95
Strength: 5/5
“g. The e-waste exchange as an option has been provided in the rules as an independent market instrument offering assistance or independent electronic systems offering services for sale and purchase of e-waste generated from end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment between agencies or organizations authorised under these rules. gI{,4}{KAI? • The manufacturer is also now responsible to collect e-waste generated during the manufacture of any electrical and electronic equipment and channelize it for recycling or disposal and seek authorization from SPCB. • The dealer, if has been given the responsibility of collection on behalf of the producer, need to collect the e-waste by providing the consumer a 'box' and channelize it to Producer. q" Urban Local Bodies (Municipal Committee/Council) has been assigned the duty to collect and channelize the orphan products to authorized dismantlers or recyclers.”
Why relevant

Describes regulatory measures for e-waste handling (collection, channelizing to authorised recyclers, responsibility of producers/dealers), indicating that formal rules and codes can be used to drive proper recycling practices.

How to extend

A student could infer that a named 'code of practices' (like R2) would serve a similar role and check whether R2 contains comparable producer/dealer responsibilities and authorization mechanisms.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > SI{ANKl\R > p. 89
Strength: 4/5
“For the first time, Rules have been made to distinguish between Hazardous Waste and other wastes. Other wastes include: Waste tyre, paper waste, metal scrap, used electronic items, etc., and are recognized as a resource for recycling and reuse. These resources supplement the industrial processes and reduce the load on the virgin resource of the country.”
Why relevant

States that used electronic items are recognized as a resource for recycling and reuse and are distinguished from hazardous waste, implying frameworks exist to promote safe recycling and reuse.

How to extend

One could extend this to expect that R2 would set procedures to treat e-waste as recyclable resources while managing hazards, and then verify if R2 contains such classification and handling rules.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 6: Environmental Degradation and Management > Eco-auditing > p. 50
Strength: 4/5
“Eco-auditing is an efective tool of EIA and its benefts are as under: • (i) It is a means for ensuring the continual improvement in environmental management.• (ii) It is a good method of monitoring.• (iii) It can assist eforts for sustainable development.• (iv) It helps in involving public in environmental management.• (v) It may reduce the need for government inspections.• (vi) It may help to identify cost recovery through recycling and sale of by-products.• (vii) It may generate valuable data for regional and national environment reports.”
Why relevant

Defines eco-auditing as a tool for continual improvement in environmental management and monitoring, a pattern consistent with standards/codes that promote environmentally responsible practices.

How to extend

A student could reasonably look for whether R2 incorporates audit/monitoring requirements analogous to eco-auditing to promote continual improvement in recycler practices.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > s.11. E - WASTE > p. 92
Strength: 5/5
“• The discarded and end-of-life electronic products, ranging from computers, equipment used in Information and Communication Technology (lCT), home appliances, audio and video products and all of their peripherals, are popularly known as Electronic waste (E-waste). • E-waste is not hazardous if it is stocked in safe storage or recycled by scientific methods or transported from one place to the other in parts or in totality in the formal sector. • s.No: 1.; PARTICULARS: Lead; SOURCE: Used in glass panels and gaskets in computer monitors Solder in printed circuit boards and other Components; HEATJTH EFFECTS: Lead causes damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, blood systems, kidney and reproductive system in humans.”
Why relevant

Explains hazards in e-waste and notes that e-waste is not hazardous if stored/recycled by scientific methods or transported in the formal sector, suggesting the need for best-practice codes to ensure safe recycling.

How to extend

Use this to posit that R2 would aim to codify 'scientific methods' and formal-sector controls to mitigate health effects, then check R2 for such operational guidance.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > 5.11.2. E - Waste in India > p. 94
Strength: 4/5
“=taryLcAa. r According to Indian Cellular and Electronics Association Report, r.6 million tonnes of e-waste generation was reported in the country in zazz. No comprehensive State-wise inventorization of e-waste generation in the country has been done. ..*s" ffi* n0 * • In India, among top ten cities, Mumbai ranks first in generating e-waste followed by Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmadabad, Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and Nagpur. • The 65 cities generate more than 600 kg of the total generated e-waste, whereas, 10 states generate 200 kg of the total e-waste. • Most of the e-waste is recycled in India in unorganized units, which engage significant number of manpower.”
Why relevant

Notes large-scale e-waste generation and that most recycling occurs in unorganized units, highlighting the need for standards or codes to improve environmental performance of the recycling industry.

How to extend

A student could infer that an industry code like R2 is plausibly designed to address informal recycling gaps and then verify whether R2 targets formalization and environmental safeguards.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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