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Q99 (IAS/2021) Polity & Governance › Fundamental Rights, DPSP & Fundamental Duties › Right to Life Official Key

'Right to Privacy' is protected under which Article of the Constitution of India?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3 (Article 21).

The Right to Privacy was declared a Fundamental Right by a nine-judge bench of the Supreme Court in the landmark Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India (2017) case. The Court unanimously held that privacy is an intrinsic part of the Right to Life and Personal Liberty under Article 21 and forms a part of the freedoms guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution.

Why other options are incorrect:

  • Article 15: Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
  • Article 19: Guarantees six specific freedoms (speech, assembly, etc.), but privacy is specifically anchored in Article 21.
  • Article 29: Relates to the protection of the interests of minorities regarding their distinct language, script, or culture.

Thus, Article 21 is the specific constitutional provision where the Right to Privacy is protected.

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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. 'Right to Privacy' is protected under which Article of the Constitution of India? [A] Article 15 [B] Article 19 [C] Article 21 [D] Ar…
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is the definition of a 'Sitter'. The K.S. Puttaswamy judgment (2017) was a watershed moment. By 2021, this wasn't just current affairs; it was a core static fact in every standard book (Laxmikanth/DD Basu). If you missed this, your static revision is flawed.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Which Article of the Constitution of India protects the right to privacy?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 90: Landmark Judgements and Their Impact > K.S. PUTTASWAMY CASE (2017) > p. 641
Presence: 5/5
“Fundamental right to Related Topic/ privacy Issue : 21Related Article/ Schedule HAMD Supreme Court Judgement: It declared right to privacy as a fundamental right. It ruled that right to privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 and as a part of the freedoms guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution. It said that privacy safeguards individual autonomy and recognizes the ability of the individual to control vital aspects of his life. Impact of the Judgement: This judgement over-ruled the two earlier judgements delivered in M.P. Sharma case<sup>24</sup> (1954) and Kharak Singh case<sup>25</sup> (1962).”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly records K.S. Puttaswamy (2017) decision declaring right to privacy as a fundamental right.
  • States privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21.
  • Links the judgment to Part III freedoms, confirming constitutional basis rather than mere policy.
Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 8: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > REFERENCES > p. 164
Presence: 5/5
“"Rule of Law" to be a "basic feature" of our Constitution, — apart from its specific and express provisions [Indira v Raj Narain, AIR 1975 SC 2299 (Ray CJ, Khanna J, Chandrachud [1]. • 14. Eg, right to travel abroad deduced from "personal liberty" in Article 21 [Maneka v UOI, AIR 1978 SC 597, para 54: (1978) 1 SCC 248, affirming Satwant Assistant Passport Officer, AIR 1967 SC 1836, p 1844-45]; so also right to privacy deduced from Article 19 and 21 [Justice K S Puttastvamy v UOI, AIR 2017 SC 4161 (a nine judge Bench)”
Why this source?
  • Specifically notes right to privacy is deduced from Article 19 and Article 21.
  • Cites Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India as the authority for that deduction.
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Under which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India, has the Supreme Court of India placed the Right to Privacy ?

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