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Q51 (IAS/2022) Environment & Ecology › Climate Change & Global Initiatives › Climate measurement protocols Official Key

"Climate Action Tracker" which monitors the emission reduction pledges of different countries is a:

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1.

The Climate Action Tracker (CAT) is an independent scientific analysis produced by a coalition of two key research organisations: Climate Analytics and the NewClimate Institute. It has been tracking climate action since 2009, quantifying the impact of government pledges and targets under the Paris Agreement.

  • Why Option 1 is correct: It is a non-governmental, independent scientific project. It operates by aggregating data from various countries to assess whether they are on track to meet the global goal of limiting warming to 1.5°C.
  • Why other options are incorrect: CAT is not affiliated with the IPCC (Option 2), which is a UN body for assessing climate science, nor is it a formal committee under the UNFCCC (Option 3). Furthermore, it is not an agency financed by the World Bank or UNEP (Option 4), as it maintains independence to provide unbiased critiques of governmental policies.
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. "Climate Action Tracker" which monitors the emission reduction pledges of different countries is a: [A] Database created by coalition of…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 5/10

This question exposes the gap between 'Static Environment' and 'Dynamic Climate Politics'. While standard books cover the formal IPCC/UNFCCC structure, they miss independent watchdogs. The key strategy is realizing that UN bodies rarely 'rate' or 'track' individual country pledges aggressively due to diplomatic protocols; that is usually the job of independent research coalitions.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the Climate Action Tracker a database created by a coalition of research organisations?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Through the Climate Action Tracker project, the Ecofys, Climate Analytics and PIK team have been providing an independent science-based assessment since 2009, tracking the emission commitments and actions of countries."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly names multiple research teams as providing the Climate Action Tracker project (Ecofys, Climate Analytics and PIK).
  • Describes the project as an independent science-based assessment that tracks emissions—consistent with a research coalition producing shared data.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"the Climate Action Tracker (CAT) of the Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute."
Why this source?
  • Identifies organisations associated with the Climate Action Tracker (Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute).
  • Shows the tracker is produced/maintained by named research organisations rather than a single entity.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The Climate Action Tracker is an independent scientific project that tracks government climate action and measures it against the globally agreed Paris Agreement aim..."
Why this source?
  • Describes CAT as an "independent scientific project" that "tracks government climate action", implying a research-oriented data effort.
  • Supports the idea that CAT compiles and presents data created by research actors.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Registries, registry systenns > p. 427
Strength: 5/5
“• o Electronic databases that track and record all transactions under the Nationalsto Protocol's greenhouse-gas emissions trading system (the "carbon market") and under mechanisms such as the Clean Development Mechanism. • o "Registry" may also refer to discussions on a system for inscribing nationally appropriate mitigation actions.”
Why relevant

Gives a clear example that 'electronic databases' are used to track greenhouse‑gas related transactions and mechanisms in the climate domain.

How to extend

A student could infer that similarly named climate 'trackers' might be electronic databases and then check whether Climate Action Tracker functions as such a tracking database.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > 23.5. CLIMATE EQUITY MONITOR > p. 307
Strength: 5/5
“The Climate Equrty Monitor provides an online dashboard for assessing, at the international level, equity in climate action, inequalities in emissions, energy and resource consumption across the world, and ongoing climate policies of several countries. • The Climate Equitv Monitor is aimed at monitoring the performance of Annex-l Parties under the UNFCCC (developed countries) based on the foundational principles of the Climate Convention, namely equity and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC). The performance and policies of the Non Annex-l Parties (developing countries) will be also provided for comparison. • The universe will be focused on the two concepts of cumulative emissions.”
Why relevant

Describes the 'Climate Equity Monitor' as an online dashboard for assessing international climate action, showing that monitoring databases/dashboards are produced for policy assessment.

How to extend

Use this example to reason that the Climate Action Tracker could likewise be an online monitoring tool and then verify its format and provenance.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > 23.7.INDIAN NETWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENT > p. 309
Strength: 4/5
“23.7.INDIAN NETWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGQ ASSESSMENT • The Indian Network on Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) was launched in October 2008 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) in an effort to promote domestic research on climate change, and build on the country's climate change expertise. • INCCA is a network-based programme of the MoEF, which consists of over 100 institutions and over 200 scientists nationwide, aimed at bringing in more science-based policy-making, based on measurements, monitoring and modeling. associated vulnerabilities and adaptation; devise decision support systems; and build capacity towards management of climate change related risks and opportunities. • The INCCA will carry out research on the effects of climate change in different regions and sectors in India and suggest suitable adaptation and mitigation steps. • Objective is to have an independent body of Indian scientists who could 'prepare scientific reports at the domestic level about the impact of climate change on various sectors, which can give a real picture and influence the world debate.' • Reports prepared by the INCCA will form.”
Why relevant

Describes INCCA as a network‑based programme of over 100 institutions and 200 scientists, illustrating that coalitions/networks of research organisations produce climate assessments.

How to extend

From this, a student could consider whether Climate Action Tracker might be produced by a similar network of research organisations and then look for evidence of institutional collaborators.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > Mission Objectives > p. 306
Strength: 3/5
“ENVIRONMENT • Ensuring the flow and generation of human resources through a variety of measures including incentives to attract young scientists to climate science • Building alliances and partnerships through global collaboration in research & technology development on climate change under international and bilateral science and technology (S&T) cooperation arrangements • Thirteen Climate Change centers/ cells have been set up to carry activities that connect their state action plans on climate change.”
Why relevant

Mentions building alliances and partnerships through global collaboration in research & technology development on climate change, showing that collaborative research arrangements are common.

How to extend

A student could apply this pattern to expect collaborative authorship of major climate databases and then check the Climate Action Tracker's listed partners or authorship.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > DECARBONISING TRANSPORT PROJECT > p. 600
Strength: 3/5
“'Decarbonizing Transport in Emerging Economics' was launched by NITI Aayog along with the International Transport Forum of OECD. The project will allow India to implement its climate ambitions into action by providing an analytical assistant to point out the climate actions and by making policies based on data analysis.”
Why relevant

Gives an example of a climate project launched jointly by national and international bodies, indicating multi‑organisation initiatives create analytical tools for climate action.

How to extend

Use this as support for the idea that databases/analytical tools often result from multi‑organisation projects and then search for whether the Climate Action Tracker was established by multiple research bodies.

Statement 2
Is the Climate Action Tracker a wing of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > i:r Efil{r=t#$.fificfl$ s!:J > p. 340
Strength: 5/5
“UNEP/WMO proposal for the sening up of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (OPCC). i1 • It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988 to provide the governments of the world with a clear scientific view of what is happening to the world's climate. • The Secretariat coordinates all the IPCC work and liaises with Governments. The secretariat is supported by WMO and UNEP and hosted at WMO headquarters in Geneva. • It is open to all member countries of the United Nations (UN) and WMO.”
Why relevant

Describes how the IPCC was established by UNEP and WMO, is hosted at WMO, and is an intergovernmental body open to UN/WMO members.

How to extend

A student could check whether Climate Action Tracker is described as part of UNEP/WMO/IPCC structures or listed among UN/WMO member bodies to assess institutional linkage.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) > p. 426
Strength: 4/5
“Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (PCC) • Established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization and the UN Environment Programme, the IPCC surveys world-wide scientific and technical literature and publishes assessment reports that are widely recognized as the most credible existing sources of information on climate change. • The IPCC also works on methodologies and responds to specific requests from the Convention's subsidiary bodies. The IPCC is independent of the Convention.”
Why relevant

States the IPCC's role is to survey scientific literature and publish assessment reports as the authoritative scientific source.

How to extend

Compare the mission and outputs of Climate Action Tracker (e.g., regular policy/tracking reports) with the IPCC’s assessment role to see if their functions and output types match an internal 'wing' relationship.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > z4.zr.z. The Panel decided: > p. 342
Strength: 4/5
“• That the IPCC is responsible for assessing and developing inventory methods and practices which are scientifically sound and relevant to all countries, noting particularly the lack of information in developing countries, • This includes • (a) developing methods for estimating emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) by sources, and removals through sinks, • (b) assessing and developing methods to quantify and manage uncertainties in the estimates of GHGs, • (c) assessing the scientific literature”
Why relevant

Specifies IPCC responsibilities (developing inventory methods, assessing literature, quantifying uncertainties), indicating technical, consensus-oriented functions.

How to extend

Use this to judge whether a group that produces near‑real‑time tracking or ratings (like a 'tracker') fits the IPCC’s described mandate or is more likely an independent analyst.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > 23.5. CLIMATE EQUITY MONITOR > p. 307
Strength: 4/5
“The Climate Equrty Monitor provides an online dashboard for assessing, at the international level, equity in climate action, inequalities in emissions, energy and resource consumption across the world, and ongoing climate policies of several countries. • The Climate Equitv Monitor is aimed at monitoring the performance of Annex-l Parties under the UNFCCC (developed countries) based on the foundational principles of the Climate Convention, namely equity and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC). The performance and policies of the Non Annex-l Parties (developing countries) will be also provided for comparison. • The universe will be focused on the two concepts of cumulative emissions.”
Why relevant

Mentions the Climate Equity Monitor as a separate online dashboard for monitoring countries’ climate performance, showing that monitoring tools exist independently of the IPCC.

How to extend

A student could treat Climate Action Tracker as analogous to the Climate Equity Monitor and check whether such dashboards are independently hosted or part of IPCC structures.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > DECARBONISING TRANSPORT PROJECT > p. 600
Strength: 3/5
“'Decarbonizing Transport in Emerging Economics' was launched by NITI Aayog along with the International Transport Forum of OECD. The project will allow India to implement its climate ambitions into action by providing an analytical assistant to point out the climate actions and by making policies based on data analysis.”
Why relevant

Gives an example of an analytical project (Decarbonizing Transport) run by national/international organizations outside IPCC, illustrating many climate-analytics initiatives are separate entities.

How to extend

Extend by investigating whether Climate Action Tracker is an independent research/NGO project or an IPCC program by looking at its stated funders/hosts.

Statement 3
Is the Climate Action Tracker a committee under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Rio Conventinns > p. 427
Strength: 4/5
“• Three environment conventions, two of which were adopted at the 1992 "Earth Summit" in Rio de Janeiro: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and the Convention on Biodiversity (CBD), while the third, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), was adopted in 1994. The issues addressed by the three treaties are related -- in particular, climate change can have adverse effects on desertification and biodiversity -- and through a Joint Liaison Group, the secretariats of the three conventions take steps to coordinate activities to achieve common progress.”
Why relevant

Shows that the three Rio conventions use formal secretariats and a Joint Liaison Group to coordinate—UNFCCC secretariat and formal inter-secretariat bodies exist.

How to extend

A student could check whether Climate Action Tracker is listed as part of the UNFCCC secretariat or Joint Liaison Group (would indicate formal UNFCCC status) or instead appears as an external actor.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Climate action, or the ground celebrated by the UN. > p. 331
Strength: 4/5
“Climate action or the ground celebrated by the UN • The UNFCCC secretariat's Momentum for Change Initiative presented awards to representatives of some of the best examples of climate solutions in the world—which inspire increased climate action. • The Momentum for Change initiative this year, for the first time, included the category of information and communication technology.”
Why relevant

Describes 'Momentum for Change' as a UNFCCC secretariat initiative that presents awards—example of a named UNFCCC initiative distinct from committees.

How to extend

Compare whether Climate Action Tracker is described similarly as a UNFCCC 'initiative' or as an independent project/NGO to judge institutional linkage.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 2011 > p. 323
Strength: 5/5
“Seventeenth Conference of the Parties, governments committed for a new universal climate change agreement by 2050, leading to the launch of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action. Momentum for Change, a special initiative of the UNFCCC launched.”
Why relevant

References the launch of specific UNFCCC bodies (Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform) showing UNFCCC creates formal working groups/committees for treaty negotiation.

How to extend

Use this pattern to see if Climate Action Tracker appears on lists of UNFCCC working groups/COP bodies (would support it being internal) or not (suggesting external status).

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Green Climate Fund > p. 345
Strength: 4/5
“• Administered by to be confirmed • Area of focus: Adaptation, Mitigation general, Mitigation - REDD • Date operational: 2015 The Green Climate Fund (CCF) was adopted as a financial mechanism of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the end of 2009.”
Why relevant

Gives Green Climate Fund as an example of a mechanism adopted as a UNFCCC financial mechanism—shows UNFCCC can formally adopt entities/mechanisms.

How to extend

A student could check whether Climate Action Tracker was 'adopted' or administered by UNFCCC (like GCF) or whether it is independent, aiding classification.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 1994 > p. 322
Strength: 4/5
“.E'tr"tl.tf=1. -S.N C1 7 Parties, the UNFCCC has near-universal membership. Parties meet annually at the Conference of the parties {COP) to negotiate multilateral responses to climate change. tta on*4”
Why relevant

Notes UNFCCC has near-universal membership and Parties meet at COP to negotiate multilateral responses—indicates UNFCCC's formal institutional structure (Parties, COP).

How to extend

Use this to test if Climate Action Tracker is referenced in COP decisions or party documents (would imply formal UNFCCC committee status) versus being cited by external analyses.

Statement 4
Is the Climate Action Tracker an agency promoted and financed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Bank?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"and the Climate Action Tracker (CAT)[[9]](#_edn9) of the Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute."
Why this source?
  • Identifies the Climate Action Tracker (CAT) as belonging to Climate Analytics and the NewClimate Institute, not UNEP or the World Bank.
  • Describes CAT's role (quantification of country policies), indicating it is a research/tracker product of those institutes.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.1. UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP) > p. 387
Strength: 4/5
“The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for the global environment.”
Why relevant

Defines UNEP as the leading global environmental authority that sets agendas and promotes implementation — showing UNEP often plays a promotional/advocacy role for environmental initiatives.

How to extend

A student could use this pattern to check whether UNEP typically 'promotes' external tracking initiatives (like Climate Action Tracker) by searching UNEP publications or partnership lists for the Tracker's name.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > i:r Efil{r=t#$.fificfl$ s!:J > p. 340
Strength: 4/5
“UNEP/WMO proposal for the sening up of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (OPCC). i1 • It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988 to provide the governments of the world with a clear scientific view of what is happening to the world's climate. • The Secretariat coordinates all the IPCC work and liaises with Governments. The secretariat is supported by WMO and UNEP and hosted at WMO headquarters in Geneva. • It is open to all member countries of the United Nations (UN) and WMO.”
Why relevant

Shows UNEP co‑created major scientific bodies (IPCC) with other organizations (WMO), indicating UNEP sometimes helps establish or support independent scientific/policy bodies.

How to extend

One could extend this by looking for founding/partnership statements for the Climate Action Tracker to see if UNEP (or similar agencies) are listed as co‑founders or supporters.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Clean Technology Fund > p. 344
Strength: 4/5
“• Administered by The World Bank• Area of focus Mitigation general• Date operational a. c. o8 The Clean Technology Fund (CTF), one of two multidonor Trust Funds within the Climate Investmenr Funds (CIFs), promotes scaled-up financing for demonstration, deployment and transfer of low-carbon technologies with significant potential for long-term greenhouse gas emissions savings. Channelled through the African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Inter-American Development Bank, and World Bank Group, the CTF finances 12 country programmes and one regional programme.”
Why relevant

Describes the World Bank administering significant climate finance instruments (Clean Technology Fund) — showing the Bank often acts as financier/administrator for climate programs.

How to extend

Use this pattern to investigate whether the World Bank channels funds to organizations like the Climate Action Tracker by checking World Bank trust fund portfolios and funding recipients.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > UN-BEDD Programme > p. 347
Strength: 3/5
“• Administered by UNDP• Area of focus Mitigation REDD• Date operational zooS Three UN Agencies - United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - have collaborated in the estabiishment of the UN-REDD programme, a multi-donor trust {und that allows donors to pool resources and provide funding with the-aim of significantly reducing global emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. Through its nine initial country programme activities in Africa, Asia and Latin America, the UN-REDD Programme supports the capacity of national governments to prepare and implement national REDD strategies with the involvement of all stakeholders.”
Why relevant

Gives an example (UN‑REDD) of multiple UN agencies (including UNEP) collaborating to establish a multi‑donor trust fund — illustrating that UN agencies sometimes collaborate with financiers to set up funded programs.

How to extend

A student could search multi‑agency trust fund records or donor lists to see if the Climate Action Tracker is listed as a funded program or partner of such UN‑administered funds.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 24.18. THE GEF > p. 339
Strength: 3/5
“Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), to provide funding to protect the globai environment. • The GEF's governance, operational, financial and administrative oversight procedures are set out in the Instrument for the Establishment of the Restructured Global Environment Facility, which was adopted in 1994 and subsequently amended in 2000 (GEF Instrument). • The GEF now has six focal areas: • t. biological diversity;• z. climate change;• 3. international waters;• 4. land degradation, primarily desertification and deforestation;• 5. ozone layer depletion; and• 6.”
Why relevant

Notes UNEP's role in providing funding (via GEF collaboration) to protect the global environment, indicating UNEP can be involved in funding mechanisms.

How to extend

This suggests checking GEF/UNEP funding disbursement records or partnership announcements for mention of the Climate Action Tracker to test whether UNEP finances it.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC tests the 'Institutional Pedigree' of major newsmakers. Whenever a report or index makes headlines, ask: Who owns this? Is it the UN (Official) or an NGO (Independent)? The 'Tracker' suffix is a strong heuristic for independent data tools.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Current Affairs Trap. Not in Shankar IAS directly. Solvable only if you followed COP summit news coverage where CAT ratings (e.g., 'India is 2°C compatible') are frequently cited.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: NDC Monitoring & Accountability. The Paris Agreement requires pledges (NDCs), but who checks if they are enough?
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize these non-UN trackers vs UN Reports: Climate Change Performance Index (Germanwatch), Climate Equity Monitor (Indian Govt backed), Global Carbon Project, Emissions Gap Report (UNEP - Official), Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (WMO - Official).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Classify entities by function. If it 'rates/ranks' countries (e.g., 'India is doing well, USA is failing'), it is likely an NGO/Research Coalition. If it 'facilitates negotiation' or 'funds projects', it is likely UN/WB.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Climate data dashboards and monitoring tools
💡 The insight

Dashboards consolidate national and international emissions, equity metrics and policy performance for comparative assessment.

High-yield for UPSC because dashboards are practical instruments for tracking NDCs, policy effectiveness and international comparisons; links to climate governance, reporting and accountability topics in GS Paper 3 and Essay papers. Understanding this aids answers on monitoring mechanisms and evidence-based policy evaluation.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > 23.5. CLIMATE EQUITY MONITOR > p. 307
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a database created by a coalition of research orga..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 National and international climate research networks
💡 The insight

Networks of institutions and scientists are established to produce coordinated climate assessments and inform policy decisions.

Important for questions on the science–policy interface, capacity-building and institutional frameworks; connects to topics on state-led research initiatives, international collaboration and domestic climate policy formulation, enabling analysis of governance and implementation challenges.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > 23.7.INDIAN NETWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE ASSESSMENT > p. 309
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 23: India and Climate Change > Mission Objectives > p. 306
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a database created by a coalition of research orga..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Emissions registries and carbon market tracking systems
💡 The insight

Registries are electronic systems that record transactions under emissions trading schemes and mechanisms like the Clean Development Mechanism.

Crucial for understanding market-based mitigation instruments, international mechanisms under UNFCCC and carbon accounting; helps answer questions on carbon markets, transparency frameworks and policy instruments for mitigation.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Registries, registry systenns > p. 427
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a database created by a coalition of research orga..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 IPCC establishment and mandate
💡 The insight

The IPCC was established by UNEP and WMO in 1988 to provide governments a clear scientific view of the world's climate and to publish authoritative assessment reports.

High-yield for UPSC: explains institutional origin and primary mandate, useful for questions on global climate governance and for distinguishing roles of various climate bodies. Connects to syllabus areas on international institutions, environmental policy, and treaty processes.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) > p. 426
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > i:r Efil{r=t#$.fificfl$ s!:J > p. 340
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a wing of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate C..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 IPCC independence and assessment role
💡 The insight

The IPCC surveys global scientific literature and publishes widely recognized assessment reports while remaining independent of the UNFCCC.

Important for aspirants to evaluate claims about organizational authority and affiliations in climate issues; helps answer questions comparing advisory bodies versus treaty secretariats and assessing credibility of scientific synthesis.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) > p. 426
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > z4.zr.z. The Panel decided: > p. 342
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a wing of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate C..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 UN agency collaboration in climate governance (UNEP & WMO)
💡 The insight

UNEP and WMO jointly created and support the IPCC, and the IPCC secretariat is hosted and coordinated with these agencies.

Useful to understand inter-agency roles and hosting arrangements in international environmental institutions; helps in questions on institutional partnerships, administrative arrangements, and the architecture of climate governance.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > i:r Efil{r=t#$.fificfl$ s!:J > p. 340
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a wing of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate C..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 UNFCCC origin and legal status (Earth Summit 1992)
💡 The insight

UNFCCC was established as a multilateral legal instrument at the 1992 Earth Summit and forms the treaty basis for climate governance.

High-yield: clarifies that climate governance rests on a treaty framework, which helps distinguish treaty bodies from independent organisations; links to international law, treaty obligations, and institutional structures frequently asked in UPSC mains and prelims.

📚 Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Rio Conventinns > p. 427
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 24.1. UNFCCC > p. 321
  • Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > THE EARTH SUMMIT > p. 597
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Climate Action Tracker a committee under the United Nations Framework Con..."
🌑 The Hidden Trap

Climate Equity Monitor (CEM). Launched by India to counter the western bias of CAT. Unlike CAT, CEM focuses on 'Carbon Budgets' and 'Historical Responsibility'. If CAT is the Western watchdog, CEM is the Global South's rebuttal.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

The 'Diplomatic Immunity' Logic. UN bodies (IPCC, UNFCCC) operate on consensus. They rarely publish 'Trackers' that explicitly shame specific countries or rate their pledges as 'insufficient' in real-time, as that causes diplomatic friction. 'Tracking' and 'Rating' is almost always the domain of independent Research Coalitions (Option A).

🔗 Mains Connection

GS-2 (Global Groupings) & GS-3 (Environment): The clash between CAT (Western metrics) and India's stance (Equity/CBDR) highlights the 'North-South Divide' in climate justice. Use CAT data to show pressure on India, and CEM data to defend India's position in Mains answers.

✓ Thank you! We'll review this.

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2017 · Q65 Relevance score: -2.17

Consider the following statements : 1. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) to Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants is a unique initiative of G20 group of countries. 2. The CCAC focuses on methane, black carbon and hydrofluorocarbons. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

IAS · 2016 · Q6 Relevance score: -2.82

The term Intended Nationally Determined Contributions' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

IAS · 2009 · Q123 Relevance score: -2.83

In the context of C02 emission and Global Warming, what is the name of a market driven device under the UNFCC that allows developing countries to get funds/incentives from the developed countries to adopt, better technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions ?

CDS-I · 2019 · Q48 Relevance score: -3.43

The 'Kyoto Protocol' is an international treaty that commits State parties to reduction in