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Which one of the following statements best reflects the idea behind the "Fractional Orbital Bombardment System" often talked about in media ?
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3. The Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) is a strategic missile delivery method designed to strike targets from space.
- Mechanism: Unlike traditional Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) that follow a high-arching parabolic trajectory, a FOBS weapon is launched into a low Earth orbit. It remains in a stable orbit for a "fraction" of a revolution before retro-rockets are fired to deorbit the warhead over its intended target.
- Strategic Advantage: Because the missile stays in low orbit, it can approach a target from any direction (e.g., over the South Pole), effectively bypassing early-warning radars and missile defense systems oriented toward North Polar trajectories.
Why other options are incorrect: Option 1 describes planetary defense, while Options 2 and 4 relate to space exploration and rendezvous missions. FOBS is specifically a military technology for Earth-to-Earth strikes via orbital space.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a classic 'Term in News' question derived from the 2021 media frenzy around China's hypersonic test. Static books (NCERT/PMF) explain 'orbits' and 'comets' to help you eliminate absurd options, but the specific definition came directly from The Hindu/Indian Express explainers. It tests awareness, not deep physics.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Does the "Fractional Orbital Bombardment System" refer to launching a hypersonic missile into space to intercept and explode an incoming asteroid?
- Statement 2: Is the "Fractional Orbital Bombardment System" a spacecraft that lands on another planet after making several orbital revolutions?
- Statement 3: Does the "Fractional Orbital Bombardment System" involve placing a missile into orbit around Earth and then deorbiting it to strike a target on Earth?
- Statement 4: Is the "Fractional Orbital Bombardment System" a spacecraft that matches velocity with a comet and places a probe on the comet's surface?
- Defines what a FOBS is: a payload placed into low‑Earth orbit that re‑enters to bombard a target before completing an orbit.
- This description indicates FOBS are used to strike terrestrial targets via deorbiting, not to intercept asteroids.
- Describes a FOBS launching a hypersonic glide vehicle into orbit which then deorbits to its target.
- Shows the technology is used for space-to-Earth strike (global strike capability), not for asteroid interception.
- States such systems 'complete a fraction of an orbit around the Earth before re-entering the atmosphere,' reinforcing the Earth‑strike role.
- Passage discusses use with nuclear payloads and global strike, further indicating intent against terrestrial targets rather than asteroids.
Defines asteroids as rocky debris of varying size orbiting the Sun, establishing what a target would be.
A student could combine this with basic orbital-distance facts to judge whether a missile could realistically reach typical asteroid orbits for interception.
States most asteroids are found between Mars and Jupiter, clarifying typical asteroid orbital zones.
Use a simple solar-system map to compare those orbital distances with the range/altitude implied by 'hypersonic missile into space' to assess feasibility.
Describes that many asteroids have collided with terrestrial planets during the Late Heavy Bombardment, showing asteroids can intersect planetary paths.
Combine with orbital mechanics basics to consider whether an incoming asteroid would be in near-Earth space (more interceptable) or in main-belt orbits (farther, harder to reach).
Reinforces that asteroid impacts on Earth have occurred, indicating the practical problem such a system would aim to solve.
A student could infer that intercepting an Earth-bound asteroid requires timing and trajectory considerations beyond merely 'launching a missile into space.'
Notes existence of rocket launch infrastructure (sounding rockets launched from Thumba), showing national capability to send vehicles into near-space.
Extend by comparing the documented sounding-rocket role to the much greater requirements of reaching asteroid distances/orbital rendezvous to evaluate whether a hypersonic missile launch is analogous.
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This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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