Question map
Not attempted Correct Incorrect Bookmarked
Loading…
Q2 (IAS/2023) Geography › Indian Economic Geography › Ports and shipping Official Key

Consider the following pairs : Port Well known as 1. Kamarajar Port : First major port in India registered as a company 2. Mundra Port : Largest privately owned port in India 3. Visakhapatnam : Largest container port in India How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B because only two pairs are correctly matched.

**Pair 1 is CORRECT**: Kamarajar Port is the 12th major port of India and the first port in India which is a public company. The Kamarajar Port Limited is the only corporatised major port and is registered as[1] a company.

**Pair 2 is CORRECT**: Mundra is identified as a Private Major Port in India, run by Adani Ports and SEZ Limited [2](APSEZ) in Gujarat. The port covers 400 square kilometers and is India's most significant in size and maritime trade.[3] This confirms it is the largest privately owned port in India.

**Pair 3 is INCORRECT**: JNPT maintains its position as India's largest container port, processing more than 7.14 million TEUs in 2023.[4] Visakhapatnam is not the largest container port in India; JNPT (Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust) holds that distinction.

Therefore, pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched, while pair 3 is incorrectly matched, making the answer "Only two pairs."

Sources
  1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamarajar_Port
How others answered
Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.
Community Performance
Out of everyone who attempted this question.
56%
got it right
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full view
Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following pairs : Port Well known as 1. Kamarajar Port : First major port in India registered as a company 2. Mundra Port…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10

This question marks a shift from 'Location Geography' to 'Economic Geography'. It tests the administrative status (Company vs Trust) and functional ranking (Container vs Bulk) rather than just map pointing. It rewards reading the Economic Survey or Infrastructure chapters over standard physical geography textbooks.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Was Kamarajar Port (Ennore) the first major port in India to be registered as a company?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"it is the 12th major port of India, and the first port in India which is a public company. The Kamarajar Port Limited is the only corporatised major port and is registered as a company."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states Kamarajar/Ennore is the first port in India that is a public company.
  • Says Kamarajar Port Limited is the only corporatised major port and is registered as a company, directly addressing the claim.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Kamarajar Port is the only major port that has been corporatised and registered as a company."
Why this source?
  • States the port was established as Ennore Port Limited under the Companies Act and corporatised.
  • Directly declares Kamarajar Port is the only major port that has been corporatised and registered as a company.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Kamarajar Port is the only significant port that has been incorporated and registered as a company. It is also India's largest port, and the first to be run by a public company."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly says Kamarajar Port is the only significant port that has been incorporated and registered as a company.
  • Frames the port as the first to be run by a public company, supporting the 'first registered as a company' claim.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 18
Strength: 4/5
“The total traffic carried by both the major and minor ports during 2005–06 was estimated at around 570 million tonnes. The 12 major ports carry about 75% of the total traffic with Vishakhapatnam as the top traffic handler in each of the last six years (2000–01 to 2006–07). Major Seaports of India: The major seaports of India are: (i) Chennai, (ii) Cochin, (iii) Ennore, (iv) Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva), (v) Kandla, (vi) Kolkata/ Haldia, (vii) Mormugao, (viii) Mumbai, (ix) New Mangalore, (x) Paradeep, (xi) New Tuticorin, and (xii) Vishakhapatnam (Fig. 12.6). The salient geographical features of the major seaports of India have been described briefly here: 1.”
Why relevant

Lists Ennore among the 12 major seaports of India, establishing it as a major port institutionally.

How to extend

A student could use this to narrow comparisons to the other named major ports and check their company-registration/corporatisation dates to see which was first.

INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: International Trade > Can you find out the reasons for the variations in the location of ports along the two coasts? > p. 92
Strength: 4/5
“Andhra Pradesh and Telangana are the main hinterland for this port. Chennai Port is one of the oldest ports on the eastern coast. It is an artificial harbour built in 1859. It is not much suitable for large ships because of the shallow waters near the coast. Tamil Nadu and Puducherry are its hinterland. Ennore, a newly developed port in Tamil Nadu, has been constructed 25 km north of Chennai to relieve the pressure at Chennai port. Tuticorin Port was also developed to relieve the pressure of Chennai port. It deals with a variety of cargo, including coal, salt, food grains, edible oils, sugar, chemicals and petroleum products.”
Why relevant

Describes Ennore as a 'newly developed port' built to relieve Chennai, implying a later development date than older ports like Chennai.

How to extend

One could compare the development/operational dates of Ennore with older ports to judge whether Ennore could plausibly have been first to register as a company.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
Strength: 3/5
“• 2. Ennore: Situated about 20 km to the north of Chennai, Ennore is a natural harbour. It was developed to ease the pressure of the Chennai-seaport. Ennore exports hides, machinery, mica, rice, and sugar. The principal imports are cement, cotton, edible-oils, fertilisers, machinery, and petroleum products.• 3. Jawahar Lal Nehru (Nhova Shiva) Port: Situated about 14 km to the south of Mumbai, this seaport was developed to ease the pressure of the Mumbai seaport. It was inaugurated in 1989. It is a world-class port equipped with all the modern facilities. The seaport is connected by a fourlane highway with the hinterland.”
Why relevant

Gives Ennore's location and role as a natural harbour developed to ease pressure on Chennai, reinforcing that Ennore is a later addition to India's port system.

How to extend

Use this to identify Ennore as a relatively newer major port and then check incorporation/registration dates against other major ports.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 421
Strength: 5/5
“(A port is like a railway station at which there are a number of Terminals like platforms at railway stations. The ships come at a Terminal of a port and load/unload the cargo like the trains come at a platform and passengers get on/off the train) Ministry of Shipping, Government of India issued guidelines for PPP in 1996 to bring in new private players in the Major Ports sector. The objective was to attract private investment as well as to improve efficiency, productivity, quality of service and bring in competitiveness in port services in India. The private players were invited to build and operate the additional new Terminals in the existing Major Ports.”
Why relevant

Notes Ministry of Shipping PPP guidelines (1996) to invite private players and develop terminals in major ports, indicating a policy context for private/ corporatised arrangements.

How to extend

A student could investigate whether Kamarajar/Ennore's company registration happened under/after this 1996 PPP push or earlier, and compare with other ports' corporatisation timing.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > PORT AND SHIPPING SERVICES > p. 433
Strength: 3/5
“• As of January 2021, the total number of ships owned by Indian companies (1453) increased by around 40 per cent (1040 in 2010). • Initially, India had 13 major ports. However, Port Blair which was notified as a major port in 2010 has been removed of that status recently. Thus, India has 12 major ports as on March 2021 out of which Paradip, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kandla (now Deendayal Port) and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) are the ports with highest cargo capacities. *Note: The time that is taken between the arrival of a vessel/ship and its departure is referred to as the Turnaround Time (TAT).”
Why relevant

States the list/count of major ports (initially 13, later 12) and names high-capacity ports like JNPT, giving targets for comparison.

How to extend

Use the list of major ports (including JNPT and others) to check which of these were registered as companies and their registration dates to decide whether Ennore was the first.

Statement 2
Is Mundra Port the largest privately owned port in India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Private Major Port in India | Mundra (run by Adani Ports and SEZ Limited – APSEZ), Gujarat"
Why this source?
  • Identifies Mundra as the private major port run by a private company (Adani Ports & SEZ).
  • Establishes Mundra's status as a private port, which is necessary to assess whether it is the largest privately owned port.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Mundra Port maintains outstanding performance, handling over 4.49 million TEUs in 2023, cementing its position as the second largest port in India. ***The port handles 5 million TEUs and 338 million metric tonnes of cargo.*** ... The port covers 400 square kilometers and is India's most significant in size and maritime trade."
Why this source?
  • Provides scale metrics for Mundra (TEUs and cargo tonnage) and states it is the second largest port in India, implying it is larger than other privately operated ports.
  • Describes Mundra as "India's most significant in size and maritime trade," supporting the claim of being the largest among private ports.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
Strength: 5/5
“India's largest container port is Jawaharlal Nehru Port. Located at the Elephanta Island, it handles vessels having draught upto 12.50 m.• 4. Kandla: Located at the head of the Gulf of Kutch, Kandla seaport was developed after Independence to take up the place of Karachi which went”
Why relevant

States that Jawaharlal Nehru Port is India's largest container port, giving a clear benchmark for 'largest container port' in India.

How to extend

A student could compare Mundra's container throughput (TEUs) or cargo capacity to JNPT's to judge if Mundra is larger in container terms.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > PORT AND SHIPPING SERVICES > p. 433
Strength: 4/5
“• As of January 2021, the total number of ships owned by Indian companies (1453) increased by around 40 per cent (1040 in 2010). • Initially, India had 13 major ports. However, Port Blair which was notified as a major port in 2010 has been removed of that status recently. Thus, India has 12 major ports as on March 2021 out of which Paradip, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kandla (now Deendayal Port) and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) are the ports with highest cargo capacities. *Note: The time that is taken between the arrival of a vessel/ship and its departure is referred to as the Turnaround Time (TAT).”
Why relevant

Lists ports with highest cargo capacities (Paradip, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kandla/Deendayal, JNPT), identifying key large public/major ports to compare against.

How to extend

Use these named major ports' reported cargo volumes to see whether any privately owned port (e.g., Mundra) exceeds them.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 421
Strength: 4/5
“(A port is like a railway station at which there are a number of Terminals like platforms at railway stations. The ships come at a Terminal of a port and load/unload the cargo like the trains come at a platform and passengers get on/off the train) Ministry of Shipping, Government of India issued guidelines for PPP in 1996 to bring in new private players in the Major Ports sector. The objective was to attract private investment as well as to improve efficiency, productivity, quality of service and bring in competitiveness in port services in India. The private players were invited to build and operate the additional new Terminals in the existing Major Ports.”
Why relevant

Explains that the government invited private players to build and operate terminals in major ports (PPP), indicating that large private participation may be at terminal level rather than whole-port ownership.

How to extend

Distinguish between privately owned independent ports and private terminals within major (public) ports when assessing whether Mundra is the 'largest privately owned port.'

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 422
Strength: 4/5
“Now, in 2021, Major Port Authorities Act 2021 was enacted (by repealing Major Port Trust Act 1963) to provide for the regulation, operation and planning of major ports in India. Following are the important features of the Act: • Major port authority will be established for each major port• The administration, control, management of major ports will be vested upon the boards of Major Port Authorities• The board can sign PPP agreements with private players (concessionaire)• Revenue share or other such financial model can be used• Concessionaire shall fix the tariff based on market conditions In budget 2021-22, Govt. has proposed that it will give the management and operation of the Major ports to private players under PPP model.”
Why relevant

Notes the Major Port Authorities Act and that boards can sign PPP agreements and concessionaires can operate terminals, reinforcing that major ports remain public entities while private firms may manage terminals.

How to extend

Investigate whether Mundra is a privately owned port authority or a privately operated terminal; then compare total port throughput/capacity accordingly.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 18
Strength: 3/5
“There are 13 major and 200 minor ports in India. Ports not only play a crucial role in facilitating international trade, they also act as fulcrums of economic activity and development in their surrounding areas. India has about 7517 km of main coastline spread over 13 states/union territories, and studded with 13 major ports and 200 non-major ports (minor and intermediate). Of the non-major ports, around 60 are handling traffic. The major ports are under the jurisdiction of the Central Government, while the minor and intermediate ports are managed and maintained by the respective state governments. The number of cargo vessels handled at major port is about 16,500 per annum.”
Why relevant

Gives the classification: 13 major (central) ports vs ~200 non-major ports (state-managed), suggesting different governance categories relevant to ownership claims.

How to extend

Determine whether Mundra is classified as a major or non-major port and use that to narrow whether 'privately owned' is plausible and what peers to compare it with.

Statement 3
Is Visakhapatnam Port the largest container port in India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"JNPT maintains its position as India's largest container port, processing more than 7.14 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) in 2023."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states which port is the largest container port in India.
  • Provides recent TEU volume (7.14 million TEUs in 2023) to substantiate JNPT's top position.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"JNPT is the largest container port in India , accounting for more than 55% of total"
Why this source?
  • Clearly labels Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) as the largest container port in India.
  • Gives a proportional claim (over 55% of total) supporting JNPT's status.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"It is best known for being the largest container port in India located east of Mumbai."
Why this source?
  • Independent source (The Hindu) identifies Jawaharlal Nehru Port as the largest container port in India.
  • Supports the implication that Visakhapatnam is not the largest container port.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
Strength: 5/5
“India's largest container port is Jawaharlal Nehru Port. Located at the Elephanta Island, it handles vessels having draught upto 12.50 m.• 4. Kandla: Located at the head of the Gulf of Kutch, Kandla seaport was developed after Independence to take up the place of Karachi which went”
Why relevant

This snippet explicitly identifies Jawaharlal Nehru Port as 'India's largest container port', giving a named competitor for the title.

How to extend

A student could check container-specific throughput (TEUs) for JNPT versus Visakhapatnam to test the claim.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 23
Strength: 5/5
“equivalent units). In comparison to this India's largest container port handled roughly 2.67 million TEUs in 2005–06.”
Why relevant

Gives a concrete scale: 'India's largest container port handled roughly 2.67 million TEUs in 2005–06', providing a numeric benchmark for 'largest'.

How to extend

Compare current or historical TEU figures for Visakhapatnam and other ports against this benchmark to judge which is largest.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 21
Strength: 4/5
“Vishakhapatnam: Developed in 1933, it has the best natural harbour in the country. It has a huge hinterland in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha. Vishakhapatnam port ranked first in India for the last six years in respect of cargo traffic. Its main imports are petroleum, fertilisers, chemicals, machinery, and metals, while iron-ore, manganese ore, leather goods, timber, and food-grains are the main items of exports. Some of the intermediate and minor seaports include Bhimunipatnam, Cuddalore, Kakinada, Kalingapatnam, Machlipatnam. Nagappattinam, and Tuticorin along the eastern coast, and Alappuzha, Calicut, Daman, Kollam, Karwar, Kozhikode, Murad, Porbandar, Tellicherry, Veraval along the west coast of India (Fig.”
Why relevant

States Visakhapatnam 'ranked first in India for the last six years in respect of cargo traffic', indicating high overall cargo volume but not explicitly container throughput.

How to extend

Differentiate 'cargo traffic' (all cargo types) from 'container traffic' and look up Visakhapatnam's container TEU share to see if it matches the 'largest container port' claim.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > PORT AND SHIPPING SERVICES > p. 433
Strength: 4/5
“• As of January 2021, the total number of ships owned by Indian companies (1453) increased by around 40 per cent (1040 in 2010). • Initially, India had 13 major ports. However, Port Blair which was notified as a major port in 2010 has been removed of that status recently. Thus, India has 12 major ports as on March 2021 out of which Paradip, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kandla (now Deendayal Port) and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) are the ports with highest cargo capacities. *Note: The time that is taken between the arrival of a vessel/ship and its departure is referred to as the Turnaround Time (TAT).”
Why relevant

Lists ports with 'highest cargo capacities' including both Visakhapatnam and JNPT, implying both are major players but not resolving which is largest in containers specifically.

How to extend

Use this to narrow the comparison set (JNPT vs Visakhapatnam) and then obtain container-specific capacity or throughput data to decide.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 22
Strength: 3/5
“It promotes coastal base industries such as fisheries and corals collection.• 7. It promotes tourism. Problems: some of the important problems of the Indian ports are given below: • 1. Indian ports are the most congested.• 2. The ports are not adequately connected with the hinterland.• 3. There is heavy pressure on container traffic. The largest container port in the world is Singapore which handles 23.19 million TEUs (twenty foot”
Why relevant

Provides an international scale reference (largest container port Singapore at 23.19 million TEUs) useful for contextualizing Indian port TEU numbers.

How to extend

Place Indian ports' TEU figures alongside global figures to assess whether an Indian port's TEU would plausibly make it 'largest' nationally.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC is obsessed with the 'Public vs. Private' and 'Legal Status' of infrastructure. Knowing a port exists is insufficient; you must know if it's a Major Port (Central Govt) or Minor/Private, and its rank in the ecosystem.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Doable Trap. Statement 3 is the classic 'Fact Swap' (JNPT is the largest container port, not Vizag). Source: Standard GK/Economic Survey Infrastructure chapter.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Infrastructure > Ports & Shipping > Institutional Framework (Major Port Trusts vs. Companies) and Capacity Rankings.
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 'Superlatives': 1. Oldest Major Port: Kolkata (Riverine). 2. Largest Container Port: JNPT (Nhava Sheva). 3. Deepest Landlocked Port: Visakhapatnam. 4. First Corporatized Major Port: Kamarajar (Ennore). 5. Largest Private Port: Mundra (Adani). 6. Tidal Port: Kandla (Deendayal).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When studying infrastructure, create a 'Profile Card' for each asset. Don't just ask 'Where is it?'; ask 'What makes it unique administratively?' (e.g., Trust vs. Company) and 'What does it handle?' (e.g., Iron Ore vs. Containers).
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Major seaports of India & Ennore's status
💡 The insight

Ennore (Kamarajar) is identified as a major seaport and described as a developed/newly developed port north of Chennai.

High-yield: knowledge of which ports are classified as major and the inclusion of Ennore helps answer factual geography and infrastructure questions. It connects to coastal geography, trade networks, and port ranking questions; useful for MCQs and mains answers that ask for port lists or regional infrastructure examples.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 18
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
  • INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: International Trade > Can you find out the reasons for the variations in the location of ports along the two coasts? > p. 92
🔗 Anchor: "Was Kamarajar Port (Ennore) the first major port in India to be registered as a ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Hinterland and functional role of ports (relieving pressure on older ports)
💡 The insight

Ennore was developed specifically to relieve pressure on Chennai Port and handles distinct cargo types tied to its hinterland.

Important for explaining why new ports are developed, linking physical geography to economic function. This aids answers on port siting, hinterland-service relationships, and regional development policy questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: International Trade > Can you find out the reasons for the variations in the location of ports along the two coasts? > p. 92
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
🔗 Anchor: "Was Kamarajar Port (Ennore) the first major port in India to be registered as a ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 PPP and private participation in major ports
💡 The insight

The Ministry of Shipping issued PPP guidelines in 1996 to attract private investment and private operators into major ports.

High-yield for governance and infrastructure policy: understanding PPP frameworks explains modernisation, corporatization, and private operation of port terminals. Useful in questions on infrastructure financing, public sector reforms, and port management models.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 421
🔗 Anchor: "Was Kamarajar Port (Ennore) the first major port in India to be registered as a ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Major vs Non‑major Ports and Governance
💡 The insight

Ownership and administrative control determine whether a port is centrally managed or under state/private arrangements.

High-yield for UPSC because questions probe institutional control and responsibilities of ports; links to centre–state relations, administrative law and infrastructure policy. Mastering this helps answer questions about who can grant private concessions and how port classification affects regulation.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 18
🔗 Anchor: "Is Mundra Port the largest privately owned port in India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 PPP and Private Participation in Port Terminals
💡 The insight

Private players are brought in via PPP models to build and operate terminals within major ports rather than replace port ownership outright.

Important for questions on infrastructure delivery and public‑private models; connects to fiscal policy, concession agreements and reforms like the Major Port Authorities Act. Knowing PPP mechanics enables evaluation of claims about 'privately owned' vs 'privately operated' assets.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 421
  • Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 14: Infrastructure and Investment Models > PPP in Ports > p. 422
🔗 Anchor: "Is Mundra Port the largest privately owned port in India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Ranking of Container Ports by Capacity
💡 The insight

Largest‑port claims hinge on container throughput and cargo capacity rankings rather than name or location alone.

Useful for geography and economy questions that ask for comparative port importance; connects to trade logistics, hinterland connectivity and transport geography. Practically enables elimination of wrong options by comparing throughput metrics.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 19
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 23
🔗 Anchor: "Is Mundra Port the largest privately owned port in India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Major vs. Minor Ports in India
💡 The insight

India's port system is divided into a small set of centrally administered major ports and a larger number of state-managed minor ports, which affects capacity and administration.

High-yield for UPSC because questions often ask about maritime governance, infrastructure planning, and trade logistics; links to central-state roles, port modernisation and transport policy. Mastering this helps answer questions on port management, policy reforms, and regional trade development.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 18
🔗 Anchor: "Is Visakhapatnam Port the largest container port in India?"
🌑 The Hidden Trap

Vadhavan Port (Maharashtra): Recently approved as a new Major Port. It will be an 'All-Weather Deep Draft Port' developed on the 'Landlord Model'. Also, Galathea Bay (Great Nicobar) is being developed as a major International Container Transshipment Terminal.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

Functional Logic: Visakhapatnam is historically famous for Iron Ore export to Japan (Bulk Cargo) and being a naval base. Container traffic (finished goods) is highest near industrial manufacturing hubs like Mumbai/Pune. Therefore, JNPT (near Mumbai) is the logical 'Largest Container Port', not Vizag.

🔗 Mains Connection

Mains GS-3 (Infrastructure) & GS-2 (Governance): The shift of Kamarajar Port to a company foreshadowed the 'Major Port Authorities Act, 2021', which replaced the 1963 Trust Act to modernize governance and compete with private ports like Mundra.

✓ Thank you! We'll review this.

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CAPF · 2016 · Q31 Relevance score: 1.76

Which of the following statements are correct? 1. Kolkata port is the only riverine major port of India 2. The port of Cochin is located on the Willington Island 3. Maharashtra has three major ports 4. Mundra port is Indiaӳ major port in private sector Select the correct answer using the code given below:

CDS-II · 2025 · Q57 Relevance score: 1.55

Consider the following pairs : (Historical Place) (Well-known for) I. Girnar : Sudarshana Lake II. Cholistan : Terracotta model of Plough III. Mant (near Mathura) : Headless standing figure of Kanishka IV. Sannati : Asokan Pillar Edict in Odisha How many pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?

CDS-II · 2025 · Q103 Relevance score: 1.18

Consider the following statements with reference to location of Major Ports in India : 1. Deendayal Port is situated at the head of Gulf of Khambhat. 2. Cochin Port is situated at the head of Vembanad Kayal. 3. Mormugao Port is situated at the entrance of the Zuari estuary. 4. Paradip Port is situated in the Godavari delta. Which of the statements given above are correct ?

IAS · 2016 · Q94 Relevance score: 1.18

Consider the following pairs : Famous place Region 1. Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand 2. Khajuraho : Bundelkhand 3. Shirdi : Vidarbha 4. Nasik (Nashik) : Malwa 5. Tirupati - : Rayalaseema Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?