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Q94 (IAS/2016) Geography › Maps & Locations › Indian cultural geography Official Key

Consider the following pairs : Famous place Region 1. Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand 2. Khajuraho : Bundelkhand 3. Shirdi : Vidarbha 4. Nasik (Nashik) : Malwa 5. Tirupati - : Rayalaseema Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is option C (2 and 5 only).

Let's verify each pair:

1. **Bodhgaya - Baghelkhand**: Bodhgaya is in Bihar[1], not in Baghelkhand. This pairing is **incorrect**.

2. **Khajuraho - Bundelkhand**: The world-famous Khajuraho temple complex was built by the Chandelas of Bundelkhand who ruled from Khajuraho[2]. This pairing is **correct**.

3. **Shirdi - Vidarbha**: Shirdi is a town and falls under Ahmednagar District in Maharashtra. It is not in the Vidarbha region[3]. This pairing is **incorrect**.

4. **Nasik - Malwa**: While the documents mention this pairing, Nasik is actually located in the northwestern part of Maharashtra, not in the Malwa region (which is primarily in Madhya Pradesh). This pairing is **incorrect**.

5. **Tirupati - Rayalaseema**: Tirupati lies in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh[4]. This pairing is **correct**.

Therefore, only pairs 2 and 5 are correctly matched.

Sources
  1. [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 10: Advent of Arabs and Turks > Rajput Kingdoms > p. 139
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Q. Consider the following pairs : Famous place Region 1. Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand 2. Khajuraho : Bundelkhand 3. Shirdi : Vidarbha 4. Nasik…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 2/10 · 8/10

This question tests your 'Mental Map' of India rather than obscure trivia. It relies on distinguishing broad cultural/physiographic regions (like Malwa, Vidarbha) from simple state boundaries. If you knew Bodhgaya is in Bihar and Malwa is in MP, the elimination method solves the entire question instantly.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is Bodhgaya located in the Baghelkhand region of India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Bagelkhand or Baghelkhand is a region ... that covers the northeastern regions of Madhya Pradesh and a small area of western Uttar Pradesh. Bodhgaya is in Bihar."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the geographic extent of Baghelkhand (northeastern Madhya Pradesh and part of western Uttar Pradesh).
  • Directly says Bodhgaya is in Bihar, which contradicts the claim that it is in Baghelkhand.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"Consider the following pairs: Famous place, Region. 1. Bodhgaya, Baghelkhand."
Why this source?
  • Lists a pair that associates Bodhgaya with Baghelkhand, which would support the claim if taken at face value.
  • Provides a direct example of the claim being made in a quizlet list of place-region pairs.

CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
Strength: 5/5
“The further westward extension gradually merges with the sandy and rocky desert of Rajasthan. The flow of the rivers draining this region, namely the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken is from southwest to northeast, thus indicating the slope. The Central Highlands are wider in the west but narrower in the east. The eastward extensions of this plateau are locally known as the Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand. The Chotanagpur plateau marks the further eastward extension, drained by the Damodar river. The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada. The Satpura range flanks its broad base in the north, while the Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions.”
Why relevant

States that the eastward extensions of the Peninsular Plateau are locally known as Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand, locating Baghelkhand as part of the Central Highlands/peninsular plateau system.

How to extend

A student could use a map to compare the Peninsular Plateau/Central Highlands area labelled Baghelkhand with the known location of Bodhgaya to see if they coincide.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
Strength: 4/5
“The Vindhyan Range extends from Jobat (Gujarat) and Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) to Sasaram in Bihar. It extends for about 1050 km with general elevation between 450 to 600 m. Apart from the Kaimur Hills in the east, the Maikal Range forms a connecting link between the Vindhyans and the Satpura mountains. • (i) The Bundelkhand (Vindhyachal Plateau): It is bounded by the Yamuna river in the north, the Vindhyans in the south, the Chambal in the north-west, and Panna-Ajaigarh Range in the south-east. The Bundelkhand upland stretches over the districts of Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, Jhansi, and Lalitpur (UP), and Datia, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur and Panna (MP).”
Why relevant

Describes the Vindhyan Range and gives geographic boundaries for Bundelkhand (a neighbouring upland), helping place the Central Highlands spatially relative to other states/districts.

How to extend

A student could map Vindhyan/Bundelkhand boundaries and infer where adjacent Baghelkhand lies, then check Bodhgaya's position relative to these features.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 14: Settlements > Rural Settlements in Peninsular India > p. 11
Strength: 3/5
“Settlements in the Chotanagpur Plateau are generally clustered and semi-clustered type. In the fertile tracts of Baghelkhand the settlements are compact. The lava-Plateau region of Maharashtra has compact settlements near the sources of water, but semi-compact and dispersed between Pune and Solapur. The Maidan of Karnataka and Rayalseema have widely spaced compact settlements, while in the Malnad (hilly-land) the settlements are semi-compact. The Kaveri Delta and coastal regions have compact and semi-compact settlements. The Sahyadris have a predominance of isolated settlements.”
Why relevant

Notes that Baghelkhand has fertile tracts with compact settlements, giving an example of Baghelkhand as a specific physiographic/cultural region (implying it is distinct and mappable).

How to extend

A student could locate the described Baghelkhand settlements on a district/state map and compare with Bodhgaya's district location.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 10: Spatial Organisation of Agriculture > 8. The Aravalli-Malwa Upland > p. 38
Strength: 4/5
“This region includes Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand, Mahabharat Plateau, Malwa Plateau, and Vindhyachal Hills. This region is characterised by semi-arid climatic conditions. The mean July temperature reads between 25oC and 35oC, while the mean January temperature ranges between 15°C and 25°C. The soil is mixed yellow, red, and black. It has scarcity of water, both surface and underground. Millets, wheat, gram, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, and sunflower are the main crops. Agriculture returns can be improved by farming, sprinkle irrigation, water-harvesting, dairy development, and poultry farming.”
Why relevant

Explicitly lists Baghelkhand among the components of the Aravalli–Malwa Upland / Central Highlands, reinforcing that Baghelkhand is a part of central plateau landforms rather than the alluvial plains to the north/east.

How to extend

A student could use this physiographic classification to rule whether Bodhgaya (if known to be in an alluvial plain or in Bihar) falls inside that upland zone.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > Smaller States of India > p. 18
Strength: 3/5
“wants a separate Bodoland; the tribes of the North Cachar Hill District also feel antagonistic to the introduction of Assamese as the medium of education; the tribes of Mikir Hills also feel the same way; Ahoms have been demanding a separate Ahom State comprising the districts of Upper Assam; the Garos, inhabiting about 316 villages in South Central Assam, have sought their merger with the adjoining state of Meghalaya. After the creation of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Uttarakhand, the demands are being raised for further sub-division of Uttar Pradesh into Bundelkhand, Harit-Pradesh, Purvanchal, and central Uttar Pradesh. There are demands for separate states from Madhya Pradesh in the form of Mahakaushal, Baghelkhand, and Malwanchal, and from Bihar in the form of Bhojpur.”
Why relevant

Mentions political demands for a Baghelkhand region from parts of Madhya Pradesh, indicating Baghelkhand is primarily associated with MP (central India) rather than with eastern Bihar.

How to extend

A student could check state/district maps to see whether Bodhgaya (in Gaya district) lies within the MP-associated Baghelkhand area.

Statement 2
Is Khajuraho located in the Bundelkhand region of India?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 10: Advent of Arabs and Turks > Rajput Kingdoms > p. 139
Presence: 5/5
“By the beginning of the tenth century two powerful Rajput Kingdoms, Gurjar Prathihara and Rashtrakutas, had lost their power. Tomaras (Delhi), Chauhans (Rajasthan), Solankis (Gujarat), Paramaras (Malwa), Gahadavalas (Kanauj) and Chandelas (Bundelkhand) had become important ruling dynasties of Northern India. Vighraharaja and Prithviraj, two prominent Chauhan rulers, Bhoja of Paramara dynasty, Ghadavala king Jayachandra, Yasovarman, Kirti Varman of Chandelas were all strong in their own regions. The world-famous Khajuraho temple complex, consisting of many temples including the Lakshmana temple, Vishwanatha temple and Kandariya Mahadeva temple, was built by the Chandelas of Bundelkhand who ruled from Khajuraho. The Rajputs had a long tradition of martial spirit, courage and bravery.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly connects the Khajuraho temple complex with the Chandelas 'of Bundelkhand'.
  • States the Chandelas ruled from Khajuraho, linking the site to the Bundelkhand polity.
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
Presence: 3/5
“The Vindhyan Range extends from Jobat (Gujarat) and Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) to Sasaram in Bihar. It extends for about 1050 km with general elevation between 450 to 600 m. Apart from the Kaimur Hills in the east, the Maikal Range forms a connecting link between the Vindhyans and the Satpura mountains. • (i) The Bundelkhand (Vindhyachal Plateau): It is bounded by the Yamuna river in the north, the Vindhyans in the south, the Chambal in the north-west, and Panna-Ajaigarh Range in the south-east. The Bundelkhand upland stretches over the districts of Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, Jhansi, and Lalitpur (UP), and Datia, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur and Panna (MP).”
Why this source?
  • Defines the Bundelkhand region and lists constituent districts (including Chhatarpur, Panna, Tikamgarh, Datia).
  • Provides the geographic scope of Bundelkhand, giving regional context for locations associated with Bundelkhand rulers.
Statement 3
Is Shirdi located in the Vidarbha region of India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Shirdi is a town and falls under Ahmednagar District in Maharashtra. It is not in the Vidarbha region."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly identifies Shirdi's district and state location.
  • Directly states that Shirdi is not in the Vidarbha region.
Web source
Presence: 2/5
"3. Shirdi, Vidarbha"
Why this source?
  • Shows the pairing 'Shirdi, Vidarbha' appears as an option in a regional pairing list (context for the claim).
  • Useful to indicate the specific claim being evaluated appears in common question sets.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > Smaller States of India > p. 18
Strength: 5/5
“Similarly there have been demands for sepatate states of Vidarbha and Konkan to be carved out from Maharashtra.”
Why relevant

States that Vidarbha is a distinct region within Maharashtra and that there have been demands to carve Vidarbha out of Maharashtra.

How to extend

A student could use this to infer Vidarbha is a defined subregion of Maharashtra and then check whether Shirdi (a known town) falls inside Vidarbha on a map.

Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: FEDERALISM > Activity > p. 168
Strength: 4/5
“Make a list of the States of India and find out the year in which each of the States was created. In 2000, some of the larger States were further divided both to meet the demands for a separate State as well as to meet the need for greater administrative efficiency. Thus Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar were divided to create three new States. They are: Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand respectively. In 2014, the State of Telangana was formed by dividing Andhra Pradesh. Some regions and linguistic groups are still struggling for separate Statehood like Vidarbha in Maharashtra.”
Why relevant

Mentions Vidarbha explicitly as a region within Maharashtra that is notable enough to be seeking separate statehood.

How to extend

Use this to confirm Vidarbha is a recognized part of Maharashtra and then compare administrative/district maps to locate Shirdi relative to Vidarbha boundaries.

Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 1: Challenges of Nation Building > Fast Forward Creation of new states > p. 23
Strength: 4/5
“Telangana has emerged as a new state on 2 June, 2014. The story of reorganisation has not come to an end. There are many regions in the country where there are movements demanding separate and smaller states. These include Vidarbha in Maharashtra, Harit Pradesh in the western region of Uttar Pradesh and the northern region of West Bengal. The US has one-fourth of our population but 50 states. Why can't India have more than 100 states?”
Why relevant

Lists Vidarbha among regional movements in the country, reinforcing that Vidarbha is a recognizable geographic/political subregion of Maharashtra.

How to extend

Treat Vidarbha as an eastern Maharashtra region and then place Shirdi geographically using an atlas to see if it lies in that eastern sector.

Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 30: Climatic Regions > Tropical Monsoon Forests > p. 433
Strength: 3/5
“In parts of the Indian sub-continent (rain shadow regions ― regions east of the Western Ghats like north Karnataka, Telangana, Vidarbha, etc.), rainfall is so deficient that semi-desert conditions are found in summer.”
Why relevant

Describes Vidarbha as a rain-shadow/semi-arid area (grouped with north Karnataka and Telangana), giving a climatic/geographic characterization of Vidarbha's location within the Deccan.

How to extend

A student could compare Shirdi's climatic/geographic setting (from a map or climatic data) to this profile to judge whether Shirdi shares Vidarbha's semi-arid, rain-shadow traits.

Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 26: Tropical Cyclones > Tropical Cyclones Bring Rainfall To The Rain Shadow And Other Parched Regions > p. 376
Strength: 3/5
“• Rainshadow regions of Western Ghats ad semi-arid regions in south India (Telangana, Rayalaseema, Hyderabad-Karnataka, Vidarbha) sometimes receive copious rain during the cyclone season. Likewise, arid regions such as Oman receive copious rainfall only when a cyclone strikes.”
Why relevant

Also identifies Vidarbha among semi-arid/rainshadow regions of south India, which helps define Vidarbha's general east/central Deccan position.

How to extend

Combine this regional climatic hint with a map to determine if Shirdi's district lies within the semi-arid band attributed to Vidarbha.

Statement 4
Is Nasik (Nashik) located in the Malwa region of India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"4. Nasik (Nashik), Malwa."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly lists 'Nasik (Nashik)' paired with 'Malwa' among regional matchings.
  • Direct statement in a list-format that associates Nasik with the Malwa region.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"4. Nasik (Nashik) Malwa."
Why this source?
  • Repeats the same pairing: 'Nasik (Nashik) Malwa' in a list of famous place–region pairs.
  • Supports the claim by presenting Nasik as located in Malwa.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"4. Nasik, Malwa."
Why this source?
  • Quizlet entry lists 'Nasik, Malwa' among matched pairs of famous places and regions.
  • Corroborates the association between Nasik and the Malwa region in multiple sources.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 7. The Western Ghats > p. 61
Strength: 5/5
“It is inhabited by tribal people. Heavy deforestation has reduced its aesthetic beauty and created numerous ecological problems. Thal Ghat (Western Ghats; joins Nashik with Mumbai): Located in the Sahyadri Ranges, Thal Ghat is over 1,000 m above sea level. The National Highway No. 3 and the Bhopal-Indore Railway Line pass through the Thal Ghat.”
Why relevant

Identifies Thal Ghat as joining Nashik with Mumbai and places Nashik in the Sahyadri (Western Ghats) context.

How to extend

On a map, locate the Western Ghats/Sahyadri and the Thal Ghat to see Nashik's position relative to central India and Malwa.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 7: Money and Banking > CURRENCY NOTES PRINTING AND COINS MINTING > p. 163
Strength: 4/5
“Currency notes are printed in four presses in India. Two of the currency note printing presses are owned by the GOI and two are owned by RBI through its wholly owned subsidiary Bharativa Reserve Bank Note Mudran Ltd. (BRBNML). The GOI-owned presses are at Nasik (Western India) and Dewas (Central India). The other two presses are at Mysore (Southern India) and Salboni (Eastern India). Coins are minted in four mints owned by the GOI. The mints are located at Mumbai, Hyderabad, Calcutta and Noida.”
Why relevant

Explicitly labels Nasik as being in 'Western India' (location of a government press).

How to extend

Use a map or standard regional definitions to compare 'Western India' (Maharashtra) with the geographic extent of Malwa.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > The Godavari > p. 21
Strength: 5/5
“Godavari is the largest river length 1465 km and basin area of 302063.93 sq km of peninsular India. It rises in the Western Ghats from a spring below Nasik, drains eastern and southeastern Maharashtra, Bastar plateau (Chhattisgarh), and Telengana and Andhra regions of Andhra Pradesh. It receives a large number of tributaries, particularly on its left bank, such as Purna, Maner, Penganga, Pranhita (the combined Wardha and Wainganga), Indravati, Tal, and Sabri. The Manjira is the only important right bank tributary. The Indravati and Sabri are the two streams which rise on the western slopes of the Eastern Ghats, but they flow east and south-eastwards, respectively.”
Why relevant

Says the Godavari river 'rises in the Western Ghats from a spring below Nasik', linking Nasik to the Godavari headwaters in the Western Ghats rather than Malwa drainage.

How to extend

Compare river basins: Malwa is associated with Narmada/Chambal drainage while Nashik is linked to Godavari; map river headwaters to judge regional association.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 1. The North Central Highlands > p. 54
Strength: 4/5
“The Malwa Plateau has two drainage systems, one towards the Arabian Sea (Narmada and Mahi), and another towards the Bay of Bengal (Chambal, Sind, Betwa, and Ken) joining the Yamuna river.”
Why relevant

Describes the Malwa Plateau's drainage systems (Narmada/Mahi toward Arabian Sea and Chambal/tributaries toward Bay of Bengal), characterizing Malwa's hydrology and central-plateau location.

How to extend

Locate the Malwa Plateau and its drainage basins on a map and see whether Nasik lies within those basins.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 10: Spatial Organisation of Agriculture > 8. The Aravalli-Malwa Upland > p. 38
Strength: 4/5
“This region includes Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand, Mahabharat Plateau, Malwa Plateau, and Vindhyachal Hills. This region is characterised by semi-arid climatic conditions. The mean July temperature reads between 25oC and 35oC, while the mean January temperature ranges between 15°C and 25°C. The soil is mixed yellow, red, and black. It has scarcity of water, both surface and underground. Millets, wheat, gram, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, and sunflower are the main crops. Agriculture returns can be improved by farming, sprinkle irrigation, water-harvesting, dairy development, and poultry farming.”
Why relevant

Groups the Malwa Plateau within the Aravalli-Malwa Upland and describes its semi-arid plateau character, implying a distinct physiographic unit.

How to extend

Use physiographic maps to compare the Aravalli-Malwa Upland boundaries with Nashik's Western Ghats setting to assess overlap or separation.

Statement 5
Is Tirupati located in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Tirupati lies in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the region and state for Tirupati.
  • Directly affirms that Tirupati lies in Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh"
Why this source?
  • Confirms Tirupati as a place in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
  • Supports the claim that Tirupati is located within Andhra Pradesh (complements regional claim).

Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 26: Tropical Cyclones > Tropical Cyclones Bring Rainfall To The Rain Shadow And Other Parched Regions > p. 376
Strength: 5/5
“• Rainshadow regions of Western Ghats ad semi-arid regions in south India (Telangana, Rayalaseema, Hyderabad-Karnataka, Vidarbha) sometimes receive copious rain during the cyclone season. Likewise, arid regions such as Oman receive copious rainfall only when a cyclone strikes.”
Why relevant

Explicitly names Rayalaseema as a distinct subregion of south India (listed alongside Telangana and others).

How to extend

Use a political/physcial map to locate the bounds of Rayalaseema and then check whether Tirupati falls inside those bounds.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > Ex-situ conservation > p. 30
Strength: 5/5
“In case the natural habitat is degraded substantially, numerous species are in the category of endangered species and in-situ conservation is not possible In such cases, conservation need to be done away from the natural habitat and should be under total human supervision in places such as zoological parks (zoo), botanical gardens, and seed banks. Such eforts are known as ex-situ conservation. Sprawling over 2212 hectares, the Sri Venkateshwara in Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh) is the largest zoological park in the country. For the purpose of ex-situ conservation of endangered species of wild animals, certain rehabilitation centres have been established in India under the government sponsored National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) of 1983.”
Why relevant

Identifies Tirupati as a place in Andhra Pradesh (mentions the Sri Venkateshwara zoological park in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh).

How to extend

Combine this with a map of Andhra Pradesh showing internal regions to see if Tirupati lies within the Rayalaseema area.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 11: Industries > 1. Andhra Pradesh and Telangana > p. 57
Strength: 4/5
“These are the leading producers of paper contributing about 18% of the total production. There are 18 paper mills in the state. The paper mills of Bhadrachalam, Bodhan, Khammam, Kurnool, Rajahmundry, Sirpur, and Tirupati are important.”
Why relevant

Lists Tirupati among important locations within Andhra Pradesh (as location of a paper mill), reinforcing that Tirupati is part of that state.

How to extend

Cross-reference the city’s position (state-level location confirmed here) with the Rayalaseema region boundary on an atlas to judge membership.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > 5. The Cenozoic Sedimentary Province > p. 44
Strength: 3/5
“This province includes the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Gujarat. The sandstones of the Tertiary Period in these regions are rich in the underground water resource.”
Why relevant

Describes the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh as a separate Cenozoic sedimentary province, implying internal geographic distinctions (coastal vs interior) within the state.

How to extend

Determine whether Tirupati is in coastal Andhra or the interior (Rayalaseema is an interior, semi-arid region); if Tirupati is interior rather than coastal, it makes Rayalaseema-membership more plausible or testable on a map.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC loves mixing History (Khajuraho), Culture (Shirdi/Tirupati), and Physical Geography (Malwa/Rayalaseema). The pattern is to test if you can overlay these different 'layers' of maps in your head. They often swap regions between adjacent states (e.g., putting a Maharashtra town in an MP region).
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. Solvable purely by elimination using basic geography (Bodhgaya = Bihar, Nasik = Maharashtra).
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Sub-national Regions. Moving beyond 'States' to 'Cultural/Physiographic Zones' (e.g., Vidarbha, Rayalaseema, Bundelkhand).
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Map these regions: Marathwada (Aurangabad), Saurashtra vs Kutch, Rohilkhand (Bareilly), Mithila (North Bihar), Kosala (Chhattisgarh/Odisha border), Kongu Nadu (Western TN).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When reading history (Chandelas of Bundelkhand) or current affairs (Vidarbha farmer suicides), always pin the *region* on a mental map, not just the state.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Baghelkhand as a physiographic sub-region of the Central Highlands / Peninsular Plateau
💡 The insight

Several references identify Baghelkhand as an eastward/local extension of the Peninsular Plateau / Central Highlands, locating it as a physiographic unit rather than a single town or district.

UPSC often asks to map physiographic regions and distinguish sub‑plateau names (e.g., Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand). Mastering this helps answer location, drainage and soil questions, and to eliminate options in map-based MCQs. Prepare by studying plateau divisions, their local names, and associated rivers/terrain.

📚 Reading List :
  • CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 10: Spatial Organisation of Agriculture > 8. The Aravalli-Malwa Upland > p. 38
🔗 Anchor: "Is Bodhgaya located in the Baghelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Distinguishing physiographic regions from political/administrative units
💡 The insight

The references include both physiographic descriptions of Baghelkhand and references to political demands for a Baghelkhand administrative unit, highlighting the difference between physical region and state/district boundaries.

Many UPSC questions test whether a place belongs to a physical region or a political unit (state/district). Knowing this distinction reduces factual errors when locating towns (like Bodhgaya) and when answering questions on regional movements/state reorganisation. Study by cross-referencing physiography maps with administrative maps and recent political geography notes.

📚 Reading List :
  • CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > Smaller States of India > p. 18
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 14: Settlements > Rural Settlements in Peninsular India > p. 11
🔗 Anchor: "Is Bodhgaya located in the Baghelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Using physiographic markers (plateau names, river systems, ranges) to place towns
💡 The insight

References describe neighbouring plateaus, rivers and ranges (Vindhyans, Chambal/Betwa/Ken flows, eastward extensions) which are the kinds of clues used to place a town within or outside a named region.

Mapping questions and spot-the-place items frequently require inference from rivers, ranges, and plateau extents. Mastery lets aspirants deduce likely regions for settlements even when direct statements are absent. Practice with maps and questions that ask to infer location from physiographic markers.

📚 Reading List :
  • CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
🔗 Anchor: "Is Bodhgaya located in the Baghelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Bundelkhand: boundaries and district composition
💡 The insight

The question concerns whether Khajuraho lies in Bundelkhand; the provided reference defines Bundelkhand and lists its districts.

Knowledge of physiographic/administrative regions and their district composition is frequently tested in GS Paper I (physical geography) and in mapping questions. Master this to quickly place historical sites and dynasties spatially. Use atlases and district-level lists for practice; learn typical boundary rivers and neighbouring ranges.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
🔗 Anchor: "Is Khajuraho located in the Bundelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Chandelas and the Khajuraho temple complex
💡 The insight

The evidence links the Chandelas (described as 'of Bundelkhand') to building the Khajuraho temples and ruling from Khajuraho.

Art-history and medieval polity questions often ask which dynasty built specific temple complexes and their regional seats. Knowing dynasty–site associations helps answer culture/history questions and cross-link to regional geography. Prepare by pairing dynasties with major monuments and their locations.

📚 Reading List :
  • History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 10: Advent of Arabs and Turks > Rajput Kingdoms > p. 139
🔗 Anchor: "Is Khajuraho located in the Bundelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Regional geology: Bundelkhand Gneiss and its distribution
💡 The insight

References note the Bundelkhand gneiss as a defining geological feature of the Bundelkhand region.

Physical geography and resource-based questions test knowledge of major rock types and their regional distribution. Understanding Bundelkhand's geology aids in correlating settlement patterns, monument materials and regional economy. Study by mapping rock types to regions and revising examples.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 1: Geological Structure and formation of India > ii) The Bundelkhand Gneiss > p. 5
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 1. The Archaean Group > p. 50
🔗 Anchor: "Is Khajuraho located in the Bundelkhand region of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Vidarbha — a recognised region within Maharashtra
💡 The insight

Several references explicitly refer to Vidarbha as a distinct region (and a proposed separate state) within Maharashtra, which is directly relevant when assessing whether a town belongs to Vidarbha.

High-yield for UPSC: regional geography and intra-state regions (e.g., Vidarbha, Konkan) frequently appear in questions on physical geography, regional development and politics. Understanding which districts and cultural/administrative boundaries define such regions helps answer location-based and polity questions. Prepare by mapping regions to Maharashtra districts and revising examples of intra-state regional identities.

📚 Reading List :
  • Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 1: Challenges of Nation Building > Fast Forward Creation of new states > p. 23
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > Smaller States of India > p. 18
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: FEDERALISM > Activity > p. 168
🔗 Anchor: "Is Shirdi located in the Vidarbha region of India?"
🌑 The Hidden Trap

Next logical target: Dandakaranya (Bastar/Odisha/Andhra junction), Maldah Gap (WB), or 'Maidan' vs 'Malnad' in Karnataka. Also, watch for 'Shekhawati' (Rajasthan) famous for frescoes.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

The 'State-Mismatch' Hack: Bodhgaya is in Bihar, but Baghelkhand is Central India (MP) -> Pair 1 Wrong. Nasik is in Maharashtra (Godavari origin), but Malwa is MP (Chambal/Narmada) -> Pair 4 Wrong. Eliminate options A, B, and D immediately because they contain 1 or 4. Answer is C.

🔗 Mains Connection

GS-2 (Polity - Regionalism): These regions (Vidarbha, Bundelkhand, Bodoland) are often hotspots for separate statehood movements due to developmental imbalances. GS-3 (Agriculture): Rayalaseema and Vidarbha are classic 'Rain Shadow' zones prone to drought.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2020 · Q7 Relevance score: 2.37

With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs : Famous Place Present State 1. Bhilsa - Madhya Pradesh 2. Dwarasamudra - Maharashtra 3. Girinagar - Gujarat 4. Sthanesvara - Uttar Pradesh Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched ?

IAS · 2015 · Q35 Relevance score: 1.25

Consider the following pairs : Medieval Indian State Present Region 1. Champaka : Central India 2. Durgara : Jammu 3. Kuluta : Malabar Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

IAS · 2021 · Q17 Relevance score: 0.99

Consider the following pairs : (Historical place) (Well-known for) 1. Burzahom : Rock-cut shrines 2. Chandraketugarh : Terracotta art 3. Ganeshwar : Copper artefacts Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

IAS · 2015 · Q15 Relevance score: 0.69

Consider the following pairs : Place of Pilgrimage Location 1. Srisailam : Nallamala Hills 2. Omkareshwar : Satmala Hills 3. Pushkar : Mahadeo Hills Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

IAS · 2014 · Q89 Relevance score: 0.44

With reference to Buddhist history, tradition and culture in India, consider the following pairs : Famous shrine Location 1. Tabo monastery and temple complex : Spiti Valley 2. Lhotsava Lhakhang temple, Nako : Zanskar Valley 3. Alchi temple complex : Ladakh Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?