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Q91 (IAS/2023) Polity & Governance › Governance, Policies & Social Justice › Administrative machinery structure Official Key

With reference to Home Guards, consider the following statements : 1. Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and Rules of the Central Government. 2. The role of the Home Guards is to serve as an auxiliary force to the police in maintenance of internal security. 3. To prevent infiltration on the international border/coastal areas, the Border Wing Home Guards Battalions have been raised in some States. How many of the above statements are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 2 (Only two) because statements 2 and 3 are correct, while statement 1 is incorrect.

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Home Guards are a voluntary force raised under the specific Home Guards Acts and Rules of the respective States/Union Territories, not the Central Government. Although the Ministry of Home Affairs provides guidelines and funding, the statutory powers lie with the States.
  • Statement 2 is correct: The primary role of Home Guards is to serve as an auxiliary force to the police. They assist in maintaining internal security, communal harmony, and public order, as well as providing help during natural calamities.
  • Statement 3 is correct: Specific Border Wing Home Guards (BWHG) battalions have been raised in border states (like Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Punjab) to assist the Border Security Force in preventing infiltration and protecting the international border and coastal areas.

Since only statements 2 and 3 are factually accurate, the correct choice is Only two.

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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. With reference to Home Guards, consider the following statements : 1. Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and Rules of the …
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10
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This is a classic 'Administrative Minutiae' bouncer. It bypasses standard Polity books (Laxmikanth) and dives into the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) Annual Report. The core trap is Federalism: confusing a State-level auxiliary force with Central rules. Strategy: For security bodies, always map the 'Parent Ministry' and 'Legal Basis' (State vs Centre).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Are Home Guards in India raised under a Home Guards Act and under rules made by the Central Government?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"8.78 Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and Rules of the States/UTs."
Why this source?
  • Directly states how Home Guards are legally raised.
  • Specifies that the Rules are those of the States/UTs (not rules made by the Central Government).
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Meghalaya has adapted the Assam Home Guards Acts and Rules, 1947 vide the Meghalaya Adaptation of Laws Order No.4). 1947"
Why this source?
  • Shows a State (Meghalaya) adopting a specific Home Guards Act and Rules (Assam Home Guards Acts and Rules, 1947).
  • Supports that Home Guards arrangements are implemented at the State/UT level via adaptation of Acts/rules.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"The organisation is also guided by the instructions laid in the Home Guards Compendium of Instruction, 2007, Governmene of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi."
Why this source?
  • Shows the central government (Ministry of Home Affairs) issues guidance (Compendium of Instruction, 2007).
  • Indicates central guidance exists but does not state that rules are made by the Central Government.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > 2022 TEST PAPER > p. 765
Strength: 5/5
“B. R. Ambedkar to prepare a Draft Constitution of India. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? • (a) Both Statement-l and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I • (b) Both Statement-! and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I • (C) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect • (D) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct 15. With reference to Home Guards, consider the following statements: 1. Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and Rules of the Central Government.”
Why relevant

Snippet explicitly records the exact claim as a formal statement to be considered about Home Guards, indicating this is a recognized legal-technical proposition.

How to extend

A student could take this wording and look up the Home Guards Act or exam answer keys to verify whether the claim is affirmed or negated.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 41: Union Territories > ADVISORY COMMITTEES OF UNION TERRITORIES > p. 412
Strength: 3/5
“Under the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules 1961, Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal ministry for all matters of Union Territories relating to legislation, finance and budget, services and appointment of Lt. Governors and Administrators. All the five un-wit legislature (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh , Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep and Ladakh) have the forum.”
Why relevant

Explains that the Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal central ministry for many matters relating to Union Territories and administration.

How to extend

A student might infer that if Home Guards fall under internal security/administration, MHA could frame rules—so they would check MHA notifications or rules for Home Guards.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 74: Public Services > All-India Services > p. 546
Strength: 3/5
“They are: • IAS by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions • IPS by the Ministry of Home Affairs • IFoS by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change It must be mentioned here that the AII-India Services are controlled jointly by the Central and state governments. The ultimate control lies with the Central Government while the immediate control vests with the state governments. Their salaries and pensions are met by the states. However, the disciplinary action (imposition of penalties) against these officers can only be taken by the Central government. Presently, there are twenty-six state cadres in all for the All-India Services.”
Why relevant

Describes a general pattern where the Central Government makes rules for All-India Services (e.g., recruitment/service conditions) showing central rule-making over certain personnel matters.

How to extend

By analogy, a student could ask whether Home Guards are treated as a centrally-ruled force and search for an Act/rules specifying central rule-making.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 74: Public Services > All-India Services > p. 545
Strength: 3/5
“However, the Constituent Assembly included provisions with respect to the All-India Services, which were approved. These provisions (under Article 312) not only gave a constitutional status to the All-India Services but also provided for the creation of new All-India Services. The All-India Services Act of 1951 authorised the Central Government to make rules in consultation with the state governments for the regulation of recruitment and service conditions of the members of All-India Services. The members of these Services are recruited and trained by the Central Government, but are assigned to different states for work. They are 'borne on different state cadres; the'Gentre having"no cadre of its own in this regard”
Why relevant

Shows the All-India Services Act authorised the Central Government to make rules in consultation with states—an example of central rule-making under a statute for forces/services.

How to extend

A student could use this pattern to look for a statutory provision (a 'Home Guards Act') that delegates rule-making to the Central Government.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 65: Central Bureau of Investigation > CBI VS. STATE POLICE > p. 506
Strength: 2/5
“t CBI VS. STATE POLICE The role of the Delhi Special Police Establishment (a division of CBI) is supplementary to that of the state police forces. Along with state police forces, the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) enjoys concurrent powers of investigation and prosecution for offences under the Delhi Special Police Act. Establishment Act, 1946. However, to avoid duplication and overlapping of cases between these two agencies, the following administrative arrangements have been made: (i) The OSPE shall take up such cases which are essentially and substantially concerned with the Central Government's affairs or employees, even if they also involve certain state government employees. (ii) The State Police force shall take up such cases which are substantially concerned with the state government's affairs or employees, even if they also involve certain Central Government employees.”
Why relevant

Illustrates the distinction and division of roles between central investigative agencies and state police, highlighting that some forces/functions are centrally regulated while others are state subjects.

How to extend

A student could use this central-vs-state division as a heuristic to determine whether Home Guards are likely under state legislation or central rules, then check the relevant jurisdictions' statutes.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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