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Q84 (IAS/2024) Polity & Governance › Fundamental Rights, DPSP & Fundamental Duties › Scheduled Tribes status Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. It is the Governor of the State who recognizes and declares any community of that State as a Scheduled Tribe. 2. A community declared as a Scheduled Tribe in a State need not be so in another State. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B (Statement 2 only).

**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The President of India has the authority to designate tribes or tribal groups, as Article 342 of the Constitution mandates the notification of the Statutory List of Scheduled[1] Tribes. The President is empowered to draw up a list in consultation with the Governor of each state, subject to revision by Parliament.[2] The Governor plays only a consultative role; the final authority rests with the President, not the Governor.

**Statement 2 is correct:** Scheduled Tribe status is state-specific in India. The President has made Orders specifying the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India[2] in consultation with Governors of each state, meaning the lists vary by state. A community recognized as a Scheduled Tribe in one state may not have that status in another state, as the designation depends on the specific Presidential order for that particular state.

Sources
  1. [2] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 32: MINORITIES, SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES > CHAP. 32] MINORITIES, SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES 457 > p. 457
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. It is the Governor of the State who recognizes and declares any community of that State as a Sched…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 5/10 · 5/10
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This is a classic 'Authority Swap' trap (Governor vs President). The question tests fundamental constitutional provisions (Art 342) found in every standard Polity text. If you missed this, your static core is vulnerable.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Under the Constitution of India, does the Governor of a State have the authority to recognize and declare a community of that State as a Scheduled Tribe?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"President of India has the authority to designate these tribes or tribal groups. Article 342 of the Constitution mandates the notification of the Statutory List of ST."
Why this source?
  • Directly states which constitutional authority names Scheduled Tribes — the President under Article 342.
  • Implies listing/notification of Scheduled Tribes is a Presidential function, not a State Governor's power.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The President of India can declare an area a Scheduled Area... The President may decide whether to designate certain regions of the nation as Scheduled Areas by Constitutional Article 244(1). ... in consultation with the Governor."
Why this source?
  • Specifies that the President (not the Governor) declares areas as Scheduled Areas, with any Governor involvement being consultative.
  • Shows central (President) role in designation decisions, distinguishing it from Governor powers.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 32: MINORITIES, SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES > CHAP. 32] MINORITIES, SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES 457 > p. 457
Strength: 5/5
“A major section of such backwar,c;i,. classes has been specified in the . Constitution as Scheduled Castes anqScheduled'Tribes because their backwardness is patent. . ' . '. .' . Scheduled Castes and Tribes. . . There is no definition of Scheduled Castes and ' . Scheduled Tribes in the Constitution itself. But the I>resident is empowered to draw up a: list in consultation With the Governor of each state, subject to revision by Parliament [Articles 341-342]: The President has made Orders specifying the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India, which have since been amended by Acts of Parliament. A.”
Why relevant

States that the President is empowered to draw up the lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 'in consultation with the Governor of each State' (Articles 341-342).

How to extend

A student could infer the formal power to 'specify' lists is with the President (Centre) and test whether 'consultation' implies a merely advisory role for the Governor rather than unilateral recognition.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 11: The Union Executive > Parliamentary safeguard. > p. 225
Strength: 5/5
“(g) The President has certain special powers and responsibilities as regards Scheduled Castes and Tribes: - (i) Subject to modification by Parliament, the President has the power to draw up and notify the lists of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in each State and Union Territory. Consultation with the Governor is required in the case of the list relating to a State [Articles 341-342]. . (ii) The President shall appoint a Special Officer to investigate and report on the working of the safeguards provided in the Constitution for the Scheduled Castes and Tribes [Article 338] (VII) Emergency Powers. The foregoing may be said to be an account of the President's normal powers.”
Why relevant

Explicitly notes the President has power to draw up and notify lists of Scheduled Castes and Tribes and that consultation with the Governor is required in the case of lists relating to a State.

How to extend

Use this rule to distinguish central (President/Parliament) competence from State executive powers and check whether any constitutional provision gives the Governor independent listing power.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 42: Scheduled and Tribal Areas > ADMINISTRATION OF SCHEDULED AREAS > p. 415
Strength: 4/5
“The criteria for declaring any area as a scheduled area is as follows 2a : (i) Preponderance of tribal population; (ii) Compactness and reasonable size of the area; (iii) A viable administrative entity such as a District, Block or Thluk; and (iv) Economic backwardness of the area as compared to the neighbouring areas. The above criteria for declaration of scheduled areas is as such not spelt out in the constitution, but has become well-established. 2. Executive Power of State and Centre: The executive power of a state extends to the scheduled areas therein. But the governor has a special responsibility regarding such areas.”
Why relevant

Gives criteria and administrative practice for declaring 'scheduled areas' and states the Governor has a special responsibility regarding such areas.

How to extend

Differentiate 'scheduled areas' (area designation involving Governor) from 'scheduled tribes' (community designation) and investigate if Governor's 'special responsibility' over areas implies authority to list communities.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 42: Scheduled and Tribal Areas > ADMINISTRATION OF SCHEDULED AREAS > p. 416
Strength: 4/5
“by the President. The executive power of the Centre extends to giving directions to the states regarding the administration of such areas. • 3. Tribes Advisory Council: Each state having scheduled areas has to establish a tribes advisory council to advise on welfare and advancement of the scheduled tribes. It is to consist of 20 members, three-fourths of whom are to be the representatives of the scheduled tribes in the state legislative assembly. A similar council can also be established in a state having scheduled tribes but not scheduled areas therein, if the President so directs.• 4 The Constitution requires the President to appoint a commission to report on the administration of the scheduled areas and the welfare of the scheduled tribes in the states.”
Why relevant

Describes state-level institutional arrangements (Tribes Advisory Council) and central powers to give directions and appoint commissions concerning scheduled tribes and areas.

How to extend

A student can contrast these state advisory/administrative roles with the President's list-making function to assess whether state bodies/Governor have declaration authority.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 45: State Public Service Commission > LIMITATIONS > p. 429
Strength: 3/5
“The following matters are kept outside the functional jurisdiction of the SPSC. In other words, the SPSC is not consulted on the following matters: • (a) While making reservations of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens. • (b) While taking into consideration the claims of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in making appointments to services and posts. The governor can exclude posts, services and matters from the purview of the SPSC. The Constitution states that the governor, in respect to the state services and posts may make regulations specifying the matters in which it shall not be necessary to consult the SPSC.”
Why relevant

Shows an example where the Governor can exercise certain executive discretion at the state level (excluding matters from SPSC consultation), indicating some independent state executive powers.

How to extend

Combine this with the central list-making clues to examine whether any analogous constitutional clause grants the Governor unilateral power to declare communities as Scheduled Tribes.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2025 · Q56 Relevance score: 4.28

Consider the following statements : With reference to the Constitution of India, if an area in a State is declared as Scheduled Area under the Fifth Schedule I. the State Government loses its executive power in such areas and a local body assumes total administration II. the Union Government can take over the total administration of such areas under certain circumstances on the recommendations of the Governor Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

CDS-II · 2017 · Q70 Relevance score: 4.15

Consider the following statements about the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes under the provisions of the Constitution of India : 1. State can make any special provision relating to their admission to the Government educational institutions. 2. State can make any special provision relating to their admission to the private educational institutions aided by the State. 3. State can make any special provision relating to their admission to the private educational institutions not aided by the State. 4. State can make any special provision relating to their admission to the minority educational institutions as described in Article 30. Which of the statements given above are correct?

IAS · 2023 · Q39 Relevance score: 3.19

With reference to 'Scheduled Areas' in India, consider the following statements : 1. Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President. 2. The largest administrative unit forming the Scheduled Area is the District and the lowest is the cluster of villages in the Block. 3. The Chief Ministers of the concerned States are required to submit annual reports to the Union Home Ministry on the administration of Scheduled Areas in the States. How many of the above statements are correct?

IAS · 2014 · Q39 Relevance score: 2.74

With reference to 'Changpa' community of India, consider the following statements : 1. They live mainly in the State of Uttarakhand. 2. They rear the Pashmina goats that yield a fine wool. 3. They are kept in the category of Scheduled Tribes. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

CDS-II · 2016 · Q118 Relevance score: 2.37

Which one of the following statements with regard to the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is not correct?