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Q8 (IAS/2026) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) Official Key

Consider the following assertion:
The genesis of political alliances based on community lay in the very nature of the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919.
Which of the following statements support/supports the above assertion?
1. Reforms retained and extended the principle of separate electorates.
2. Separate electorates were supposed to counter Indian nationalism, which was growing stronger.
3. Deprived classes rallied around the favours inherent in separate electorates.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D

Explanation

The assertion that the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 led to political alliances based on community is supported by all three statements.

  • Statement 1 is correct: The Government of India Act 1919 retained the separate electorates for Muslims (introduced in 1909) and extended the principle to Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans.
  • Statement 2 is correct: The British deliberately used the policy of separate electorates as a "divide and rule" strategy to fragment Indian society and counter the growing strength of the Indian national movement.
  • Statement 3 is correct: The provision of separate electorates and reserved seats incentivized various communities and deprived classes (such as the non-Brahmins in Madras through the Justice Party) to organize politically along community lines to secure political representation and administrative favours.

Thus, all three statements correctly support the assertion.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-I · 2002 · Q20 Relevance score: 2.62

Consider the following statements: The objective of the Montague- Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 was 1. To give more power to the local government 2. To establish dyarchy in the provinces 3. The extension of provincial government Which of these statements are correct?

CAPF · 2010 · Q104 Relevance score: 1.39

Which of the following statements about the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms is/are correct ? 1. It was approved by King George V. 2. It made the Central Legislature bicameral. 3. The Act explicitly mentioned the appointment of three Indian members to the Council. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

IAS · 2021 · Q2 Relevance score: 1.09

Consider the following statements : 1. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 recommended granting voting rights to all the women above the age of 21. 2. The Government of India Act of 1935 gave women reserved seats in legislature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

CDS-I · 2003 · Q65 Relevance score: 0.75

Assertion(A): The Government of India Act, 1919 was passed by the British Parliament to introduce 'Diarchy' in the provincial government. Reason (R) : Montague-Chelmsford Reforms Committee had recommended the introduction of 'Diarchy' in the provincial government.

CDS-II · 2019 · Q55 Relevance score: -0.27

Which one of the following statements about the Government of India Act 1919 is not correct?

A) It extended the practice of communal representation
B) It made the Central Executive responsible to the Legislature
C) It is also known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms
D) It paved the way for federalism by clearly separating the responsibilities of the Centre and the Provinces