UPSC Mains 2025 GS1 Q3 — Chandella Art

"Some individuals were skilled equally as painters, sculptors and architects. The most impressive example is Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) – immortalised by the ceiling he painted for the Pope in the Sistine Chapel, the sculpture called The Pieta' and his design of the dome of St Peter's Church, all in Rome. Filippo Brunelleschi (1337-1446), the architect who designed the spectacular Duomo of Florence, had started his career as a sculptor. Describe the different scientific elements in the work of sixteenthcentury Italian artists. Italian architecture in the sixteenth century copied many f…"

"Answer the following questions in about 30 words. • (i) What are the problems of road transport in mountainous, desert and flood prone regions?• (ii) What is a trans–continental railway?• (iii) What are the advantages of water transport?• 3. Answer the following questions in not more than 150 words. • (i) Elucidate the statement– "In a well managed transport system, various modes complement each other".• (ii) Which are the major regions of the world having a dense network of airways.• (iii) What are the modes by which cyber space will expand the contemporary economic and social space of humans…"

"figures, with multiple arms and heads or with combinations of human and animal forms. These early scholars tried to make sense of what appeared to be strange images by comparing them with sculpture with which they were familiar, that from ancient Greece. While they often found early Indian sculpture inferior to the works of Greek artists, they were very excited when they discovered images of the Buddha and Bodhisattas that were evidently based on Greek models. These were, more often than not, found in the northwest, in cities such as Taxila and Peshawar, where Indo-Greek rulers had established…"

"1. Complete the following table 1. | Raw materials 2. | Products 3. | Word equation 4. | Importance • 2. Imagine a situation where all the organisms that carry out photosynthesis on the earth have disappeared. What would be the impact of this on living organisms?• 3. A potato slice shows the presence of starch with iodine solution. Where does the starch in potatoes come from? Where is the food synthesised in the plant, and how does it reach the potato?• 4. Does the broad and fl at structure of leaves make plants more effi cient for photosynthesis? Justify your answer.• 5.…"

"'Praying Hands', brush drawing by Durer, 1508. The Pieta' by Michelangelo depicts Mary holding the body of Jesus. Artists were inspired by studying works of the past. The material remains of Roman culture were sought with as much excitement as ancient texts: a thousand years after the fall of Rome, fragments of art were discovered in the ruins of ancient Rome and other deserted cities. Their admiration for the figures of 'perfectly' proportioned men and women sculpted so many centuries ago, made Italian sculptors want to continue that tradition. In 1416, Donatello (1386-1466) broke new ground …"