UPSC Mains 2024 GS3 Q1 — Inclusive growth

"Energy sector was the prime contributor to emissions and with Total of total emissions in 2019 • Reduction of emission intensity of GDP by about 40% has been achieved between 2050 and 2060 against our voluntary pledge to reduce the emission intensity of its GDP by 45 percent by 2030, compared with the 2050 level. • India will continue to be a low-carbon economy (World Bank study). • India's primary focus is on "adaptation", with specific focus for "mitigation".…"

"The agriculture sector suffers with fragmented land holdings, declining yield with more than 50% of the agricultural land dependent on monsoon. Agriculture sector has remained excluded from the high growth which the economy achieved after the reforms of 1991.• Social Development: Social development is one of the key concerns in inclusive growth. Various problems in the social sector like low level of public expenditure on health, poor quality of primary educational institutions, significant gender disparities, malnutrition among children etc. is making the path critical to inclusive growth in …"

"• The concept of green economy lacks a globally agreed definition or universal principles. The Rio + 20 outcome document identifies the green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and it affirms that approach will be different according to national circumstances and priorities for each country.• Accordingly, the green economy in India is seen in the context of sustainable development and inclusive economic growth including poverty eradication.…"

"Economic liberalization which began in the early 1990's has accelerated India's growth rate to 6% in the 1990's and about 7% to 8% in later decades from the meagre 3.5% growth achieved in the first three decades after independence. During this period India transformed itself from an agricultural economy to a services economy. Services now form 55% of the Indian economy. The growth and development of the Information Technology and Information Technology enabled services have had a significant role in changing the face of the economy. And India has become the fastest growing among the big econom…"

"• The National Commission on Agriculture, Government of India, first used the term 'social forestry' in 1976. • It was then that India embarked upon a social forestry project with the aim of taking pressure off the forests and making use of all unused and fallow land. • Government forest areas that are close to human settlement and have been degraded over the years due to human activities needed to be afforested. • Trees were to be planted in and around agricultural fields. ffi All Rights Reserved. No part ofthis naterial may be reproduced in any tbrm or by anv means, r,ithout permissior in wr…"