Option 1: Deflection and advection do not directly cause adiabatic temperature changes in the atmosphere. Deflection refers to the change in direction of the air due to the rotation of the Earth, such as the Coriolis effect. Advection refers to the horizontal transport of heat or other atmospheric properties by the wind. While these processes can affect the distribution of temperature, they do not directly cause adiabatic temperature changes.

Option 2: Latent heat of condensation is the energy released or absorbed when water changes phase from vapor to liquid. While this process can contribute to changes in temperature in the atmosphere, it is not specifically associated with adiabatic temperature changes.

Option 3: The correct answer. Adiabatic temperature changes occur due to the expansion and compression of the air as it moves up or down in the atmosphere. When air rises, it expands and cools, resulting in an adiabatic cooling process. Conversely, when air sinks, it compresses and warms, leading to adiabatic heating. This process is an important mechanism for vertical temperature changes in the atmosphere.

Option 4: Partial absorption of solar radiation by the atmosphere contributes to the overall heating of the atmosphere. However, it is not directly