The correct answer is option 4: John Locke. John Locke, an influential Enlightenment thinker, argued that in the absence of laws, there can be no true liberty. According to Locke, laws serve as a necessary framework to protect the natural rights and freedoms of individuals in a society. He believed that without laws, people would be at the mercy of their own self-interest and the potential tyranny of others. Locke`s concept of the social contract emphasizes the idea that individuals willingly give up some of their freedoms in exchange for the protection and security provided by a government that operates within the boundaries of legitimate laws. This idea has had a significant influence on democratic systems and the development of constitutional law.