In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements : 1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of egg. 2. A child inh

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Q: (IAS/2021)
In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements :
1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of egg.
2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from mother and not from father.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

question_subject: 

Science

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,67,95,38,34,85,5

keywords: 

{'mitochondrial diseases': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'hereditary diseases': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'mitochondrial replacement therapy': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'parent': [3, 0, 0, 2], 'father': [15, 3, 10, 14]}

The correct answer is (c) Both 1 and 2.

Explanation:

Mitochondrial diseases are genetic disorders caused by mutations in the DNA of mitochondria, which are inherited only from the mother. Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is a technique used to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial diseases from the mother to the child. MRT involves replacing the defective mitochondria of the mother`s egg with healthy mitochondria from a donor before or after in vitro fertilization. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.

As mitochondria are inherited only from the mother, a child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from the mother and not from the father. Therefore, statement 2 is also correct.