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Option 1 states that both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
In this case, Assertion (A) is that the Gupta period is often called the `Golden Age` of ancient India. This is correct, as the Gupta period, which lasted from around 320 CE to 550 CE, was marked by significant advancements in art, science, literature, and mathematics. It is often referred to as the Golden Age because of the prosperity and flourishing culture during this time.
Reason (R) states that the Gupta rulers issued gold coins. This is also true, as the Gupta rulers introduced gold coins as a form of currency during their reign. These gold coins were known for their intricate designs and craftsmanship and became widely circulated in trade.
However, Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion (A). While the issuance of gold coins by the Gupta rulers was one aspect of their prosperous reign, it does not fully explain why the Gupta period is considered the `Golden Age`. The term `Golden Age` encompasses a broader range of advancements and achievements that occurred during this period.
Therefore, Option 2 is the correct answer, stating that both A and R are true, but R is not the correct