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The correct chronological sequence is option 1: Gandhi-Irwin Pact—August Offer - Launch of the Quit India Movement.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let`s break down each event:
1. Gandhi-Irwin Pact: This was an agreement signed between Mahatma Gandhi and the British Viceroy Lord Irwin in 1931. The pact was aimed at resolving the civil disobedience movement and allowed the participation of Indians in the Round Table Conference.
2. August Offer: The August Offer was proposed by the British government in August 1940. It promised to grant India dominion status (self-government) once the Second World War ended. However, it was rejected by most political leaders as it did not satisfy the demands of complete independence.
3. Launch of the Quit India Movement: The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Kranti Movement, was a civil disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942. It called for the immediate withdrawal of British rule from India. The movement was met with harsh repression by the British government.
Based on the historical context, the chronological sequence would start with the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in 1931, followed by the August Offer in 1940,