The famous Vijaya Vittala temple with its 56 carved pillars emitting musical notes is located in Hampi, which is option 3. Hampi is an ancient village in the state of Karnataka, India, and was once the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.

The Vijaya Vittala temple is a renowned architectural marvel and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It was built in the 15th century during the reign of King Devaraya II. The temple is dedicated to Lord Vittala, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu in Hindu mythology.

One of the most remarkable features of the Vijaya Vittala temple is its 56 intricately carved pillars that produce musical sounds when struck gently. These pillars, known as the "Musical Pillars" or "Saregama Pillars," are a testimony to the exceptional craftsmanship of the artisans of that era.

Each pillar in the temple emits different musical notes when tapped. These notes resemble the sounds produced by various musical instruments such as the flute, tabla, and veena. It is believed that the pillars were constructed in such a way that they mimic the musical scales of Indian classical music.

The unique musical pillars of the Vijaya Vittala temple have attracted visitors and scholars from around the world. The temple complex also houses other magnificent structures like the Stone Chariot, a shrine dedicated to Goddess Saraswati, and exquisite carvings depicting mythological stories and celestial beings.

Hampi itself is a significant historical and archaeological site, with numerous temples, palaces, and other structures spread across its vast landscape. It was once a thriving city with grand monuments, but it was largely destroyed in the 16th century during wars and invasions. However, the remnants of its glorious past continue to captivate and awe visitors to this day.

In conclusion, the famous Vijaya Vittala temple with its 56 carved pillars emitting musical notes is located in Hampi, Karnataka, India (Option 3). The temple`s musical pillars are a testament to the architectural brilliance and artistic skills of the Vijayanagara Empire, attracting tourists and music enthusiasts who marvel at their unique and melodic qualities.