Option 1 says both statements are true and R explains A, which is incorrect since A is false because reservation of any kind in Parliament and State Legislatures does require a Constitutional amendment.

Option 2 also stated both A and R are correct but R doesn`t explain A. This is incorrect for the same reason as option 1; A is false.

Option 3 claims A to be true and R false, which is incorrect because A is false (Constitutional amendment is needed for seat reservation) and R is true (parties can allocate seats without Constitutional amendment).

Option 4 states that A is false and R is true, which is the correct answer. The assertion A is false because reservation of seats does require a Constitutional amendment. The reason R is true, because political parties can decide on their own to allocate a certain number of seats they contest to women without a Constitutional amendment.