Consider the following statements : 1. INS Sindhughosh is an aircraft carrier. 2. INS Viraat is a submarine. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

The correct answer is Option 4 (Neither 1 nor 2) because both statements provided in the question incorrectly identify the naval vessels.

• Statement 1 is incorrect: INS Sindhughosh is not an aircraft carrier; it is the lead ship of the Sindhughosh-class diesel-electric submarines. These are Kilo-class submarines acquired from the Soviet Union/Russia.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: INS Viraat was not a submarine; it was a Centaur-class aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy. It served as the flagship of the fleet for nearly 30 years before being decommissioned in 2017.

In the context of UPSC defense-related questions, such factual reversals are common. Since INS Sindhughosh is a submarine and INS Viraat was an aircraft carrier, neither statement correctly matches the vessel with its category. Therefore, Neither 1 nor 2 is the accurate choice.