Consider the following statements : Hypermetropia is a defect of vision in which 1. a person cannot see the distant objects clearly 2. a person cannot see the near objects clearly 3. the near point of the eye gets shifted away from the normal position 4. the far point of the eye gets shifted towards the eye Which of the statements given above are correct?

Hypermetropia, also known as farsightedness, is a refractive defect where a person can see distant objects clearly but cannot see near objects distinctly [2]. In a normal eye, the near point is approximately 25 cm [1]. However, in a hypermetropic eye, the near point shifts away from the normal position, meaning the person must hold reading material much further than 25 cm to see it clearly [2]. This occurs because light rays from nearby objects focus behind the retina rather than on it, often due to a shortened eyeball or a lens with insufficient curvature [3]. Conversely, statement 1 describes myopia (nearsightedness), and statement 4 refers to the shifting of the far point, which is also characteristic of myopia rather than hypermetropia [1]. Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are correct.

Sources

1. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World > What you have learnt > p. 170
2. [2] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World > 10.2 DEFECTS OF VISION AND THEIR CORRECTION > p. 162
3. [3] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/hypermetropia