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The correct answer is option 4: All of the above.
Magnet plays an essential role in all the mentioned household appliances.
In the case of a calling bell, a magnet is used to create an electromagnet. When the doorbell button is pressed, the circuit gets completed, and the electromagnet attracts a metal strip, causing the bell to ring.
In a fan, magnets are used in the motor. The motor has electromagnets that interact with permanent magnets to create the rotational motion required for the fan blades to spin.
In a washing machine, magnets are employed in the motor as well. The motor uses magnets to create the rotating motion needed to agitate the clothes inside the machine.
Therefore, a magnet is an essential part of these household appliances, as it enables the functioning of key components like electromagnets and motors.