The correct answer is option 4, which means statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct because there is a lack of maritime influence in northern India during the winter season. Maritime influence refers to the influence of the nearby ocean or sea on the climate. In northern India, there are no nearby seas or oceans, which results in a lack of moderating influence on the winter temperatures.
Statement 2 is correct because northern India is closer to the Himalayan region. The Himalayas act as a barrier and obstruct the movement of warmer air from the south. As a result, the cold air from the polar regions can easily penetrate into northern India, leading to colder temperatures during winter.
Statement 3 is incorrect because it states that the air mass comes from polar regions to northern India. While it is true that cold air masses do come from the polar regions, they don`t directly reach northern India. Instead, the cold air mass travels from the polar regions towards the Himalayas, and when it encounters the Himalayas, it diverts towards northern India. Therefore, statement 3 is not correct.
In summary, option 4 is the correct answer as it includes the two correct statements regarding the lack of maritime influence and proximity to the Himalayan region in northern