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Q35 (IAS/2003) International Relations & Global Affairs › India's Bilateral & Regional Relations › India–Pakistan relations Answer Verified

Consider the following statements regarding the relations between India and Pakistan: 1. During Shimla Agreement, Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Bhutto agreed to maintain the sanctity of LoC 2. Lahore Summit took place in the year 1997 3. Islamabad Summit was held between Rajiv Gandhi and Nawaz Sharif Which of these statements is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

Only statement 1 is correct. The Simla (Shimla) Agreement was signed by Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on 3 July 1972, formalising post‑1971 peace arrangements [1]. The Simla talks included a mutual renunciation of force and an understanding that the Line of Control should be respected, though Pakistan appended the caveat “without prejudice to the recognised position of either side” [2]. The Lahore summit referenced in statement 2 was held in February 1999 (Lahore Declaration between Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Nawaz Sharif), so the year 1997 is incorrect [3]. Statement 3 is also incorrect — the Islamabad summit was not between Rajiv Gandhi and Nawaz Sharif. Hence, only statement 1 is correct.

Sources

  1. [1] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Indi External Relations > Bangladesh war, 1971 > p. 66
  2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > The Simla Agreement > p. 697
  3. [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > The Lahore Summit > p. 755
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