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Gandhi`s inspiration for Civil Disobedience came from the writings of Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau was an American philosopher, poet, and essayist who lived in the 19th century. He wrote an essay called "Civil Disobedience," which advocated for individuals to peacefully resist unjust laws. Gandhi read this essay and was deeply influenced by Thoreau`s ideas of nonviolent protest and individual moral responsibility. Thoreau`s concept of refusing to cooperate with unjust systems and laws aligned with Gandhi`s philosophy of Satyagraha, which means "truth force." Through Satyagraha, Gandhi led peaceful protests and campaigns to fight against British colonial rule in India. Thoreau`s writings provided Gandhi with the intellectual foundation and inspiration for his methods of peaceful resistance.