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The correct answer is option 1: carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through limewater (a solution of calcium hydroxide), it reacts to form calcium carbonate, which is a white precipitate. This reaction is commonly used as a test for the presence of carbon dioxide gas.
Option 2: carbon monoxide is not the correct answer. Carbon monoxide does not react with limewater to produce a milky white precipitate.
Option 3: ammonia is not the correct answer. Ammonia gas does not react with limewater to produce a milky white precipitate.
Option 4: nitrogen dioxide is not the correct answer. Nitrogen dioxide gas does not react with limewater to produce a milky white precipitate.
Overall, the gas that turns limewater milky is carbon dioxide, as it undergoes a chemical reaction with the calcium hydroxide in the limewater to form a white precipitate of calcium carbonate.