The HIV virus weakens the immunity of a person because it destroys

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) by specifically attacking the body's immune system [1]. The primary cellular targets of HIV are helper T cells, which are a critical class of white blood cells [2]. Specifically, HIV infects and destroys CD4 T lymphocytes (CD4 cells), which are essential for coordinating the immune response [6]. As the virus replicates, it leads to a progressive depletion of these lymphocytes through mechanisms such as direct viral cytotoxicity and programmed cell death (apoptosis) . This destruction of lymphocytes results in a weakened immune system, leaving the individual highly vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain malignancies [6]. Unlike lymphocytes, mast cells, platelets, and erythrocytes are not the primary targets of HIV-induced destruction that leads to the characteristic immunodeficiency of AIDS.

Sources

1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > AIDs/HIVs > p. 80
2. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > AIDs/HIVs > p. 81
3. [6] https://www.nature.com/articles/cddis201077