The correct answer is option 2: wind deposited sedimentary rock.
Loess is a type of sedimentary rock that is formed by the accumulation of fine-grained particles, such as silt and clay, that are transported by the wind and then deposited in layers. These particles are typically derived from the weathering and erosion of other rocks and are carried by the wind over long distances before settling and forming the loess deposits.
It is important to note that loess is not formed by water or snow deposition, as stated in options 1 and 4 respectively. Water-deposited sedimentary rocks, also known as fluvial sedimentary rocks, are formed by the action of rivers and other bodies of water. Snow-deposited rocks, on the other hand, are not a recognized type of sedimentary rock.
Additionally, loess is not a metamorphic rock, as mentioned in option 3. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo intense heat and pressure, causing them to recrystallize and change their mineral composition. Loess is formed by a completely different geological process involving wind transportation and deposition.