Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists : List-I (Exponent) A. John Dalton B. Joseph Proust C. Antoine Lavoisier 3. D. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac List-II (Law) 1. Law of definite proportion by volume 2. Law of multiple proportion Law of definite proportion by weight 4. Law of conservation of mass

The laws of chemical combination define the fundamental principles of chemistry. John Dalton proposed the Law of Multiple Proportions in 1803, which states that when two elements form multiple compounds, the mass ratios of the second element that combine with a fixed mass of the first are small whole numbers. Joseph Proust formulated the Law of Definite Proportions (or Law of Definite Proportion by weight) in 1799, asserting that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same fixed ratio by mass [1]. Antoine Lavoisier established the Law of Conservation of Mass in 1789, proving that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction [1]. Finally, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac is credited with the Law of Combining Volumes (Law of definite proportion by volume), which describes the simple whole-number ratios of volumes of reacting gases [1]. Matching these gives the sequence A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1.