Phytotron is a facility to

A phytotron is a research facility (a closed greenhouse or collection of growth chambers) designed to grow plants under precisely controlled environmental conditions — light quality and duration, temperature, humidity, CO2, soil and nutrient regimes — so investigators can study plant responses and run reproducible experiments [1]. Such facilities allow many combinations of environmental factors to be imposed simultaneously and enable year‑round, accelerated breeding and detailed physiological or disease studies that are not feasible outdoors. Therefore, the primary purpose of a phytotron is to grow plants under controlled conditions rather than specifically to conserve endangered species, induce mutations, or merely produce disease‑free plants.

Sources

1. [1] https://phytotron.ncsu.edu/home-copy/