The correct answer is option 4: Vulnerability. Planning for disasters aims to reduce vulnerability, which refers to the condition of being susceptible to harm or damage during a disaster. By identifying and addressing vulnerabilities, such as inadequate infrastructure, lack of emergency preparedness, or social inequality, efforts can be made to minimize the potential impact of a disaster on a community or population. This can involve implementing measures to strengthen infrastructure, developing emergency response plans, promoting community resilience, and ensuring access to resources and services. While options 1, 2, and 3 are all factors that planning for disasters seeks to mitigate, they are outcomes of reducing vulnerability rather than the primary goal itself.