The correct answer is option 1: Cartography. Cartography is the science and art of creating maps. It involves the study and practice of designing, producing, and interpreting maps. Cartographers use various techniques and tools, such as surveying, satellite imagery, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to collect and analyze data and create accurate representations of the Earth`s surface or specific regions. Cartography plays a crucial role in many fields, including navigation, urban planning, environmental management, and scientific research. Option 2, Geography, is a broader field that encompasses the study of the Earth`s physical features, climate, and human populations, but it does not specifically focus on the science of map-making. Carpology (option 3) is the study of fruits and seeds, and Geology (option 4) is the study of the Earth`s rocks and minerals.