With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea, consider the following statements : 1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline d

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Q: 85 (IAS/2022)
With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea, consider the following statements :
1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance with the convention.
2. Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
3. The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the statements given above are correct ?

question_subject: 

General Knowledge

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,88,75,13,21,41,88

keywords: 

{'territorial sea': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'nautical miles': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'exclusive economic zone': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'coastal state': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'sea': [1, 0, 0, 0], 'united nations convention': [0, 0, 0, 5], 'states': [1, 0, 0, 1], 'land': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'ships': [0, 0, 1, 9], 'breadth': [1, 2, 1, 1], 'law': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'baseline': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'convention': [0, 0, 0, 1]}

All of the statements are correct.

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is an international treaty that sets out the legal framework for the use of the world's oceans and their resources. It was adopted in 1982 and has been ratified by 167 countries.

Statement 1 is correct. Under UNCLOS, a coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance with the convention. The baseline is the low-water mark along the coast or the outer edge of a permanent feature that is above water, such as a rock or an island.

Statement 2 is also correct. UNCLOS grants the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea to ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked. Innocent passage is defined as passage that is not prejudicial to the peace, good order, or security of the coastal state.

Statement 3 is correct as well. According to UNCLOS, the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of a coastal state shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. The EEZ is an area of coastal water extending 200 nautical miles from a country's shoreline, within which the country has special rights to explore, exploit, and manage the natural resources of the sea and seabed.

 

Preparing for Future Exams: Learning from the Analysis of Past Questions

Topics:

  • United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
  • Territorial sea
  • Innocent passage
  • Exclusive Economic Zone

Sources:

  • "Indian Polity" by M. Laxmikanth (Chapter 44)
  • "International Relations" by Pavneet Singh and S. K. Sharma (Chapter 3)
  • "World Atlas" by Oxford (Chapter 8)

Concepts:

  • Baseline
  • Contiguous zone
  • Continental shelf
  • High seas
  • Archipelagic waters

Websites:

NCERT:

  • Class 12 Political Science - Contemporary World Politics (Chapter 5)

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