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The given question is a geographical history question related to the empire of a Mughal Emperor, depicted by the shaded area on a map not shown here.
Option 1 refers to Ala-ud-din Khilji, a ruler of the Khilji dynasty in India. His reign was marked by conquests and expansion of his empire, but it is not the correct answer as the shaded area doesn`t represent his empire.
Option 2 is Mohammad Tughlaq, known for his ambitious projects, including shifting the capital of his empire, his expansion was the largest in the Delhi Sultanate period but the map doesn`t represent his empire.
Option 3 is Shah Jahan, a Mughal Emperor, well known for his architectural achievements including the Taj Mahal. The map that is shaded is representing his empire, making this the correct answer.
Option 4 is Aurangzeb, despite ruling a large empire at the height of the Mughal’s territorial extent, the shaded area doesn`t represent his empire.
Therefore, the correct answer is Shah Jahan whose empire is represented by the shaded area on the map.