Statement I : A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water of an Ocean. Statement I : A tsunami can be generated when thrust faults associated with convergent or destructive plate boundaries move abruptly.

Statement I is true as a tsunami is defined as a series of long-wavelength water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water in oceans or large lakes [5]. Statement II is also true and provides the correct explanation for Statement I. Tsunamis are primarily generated by the sudden vertical movement of the Earth's crust along faults [4]. Specifically, at convergent or destructive plate boundaries, subduction earthquakes (megathrust events) occur when a subducting plate plunges beneath a less dense plate [3]. The locked zone between these plates gives way abruptly, causing the oceanic crust to be upthrusted [3]. This abrupt deformation vertically displaces the overlying water column, initiating the series of waves known as a tsunami [3]. Thus, the mechanism of thrust faulting at destructive boundaries directly explains how the large-scale water displacement mentioned in Statement I occurs.

Sources

1. [2] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Natural Hazards and Disasters > Tsunami > p. 59
2. [5] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 15: Tsunami > 15. Tsunami > p. 190
3. [4] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > tsunami > p. 31
4. [3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 15: Tsunami > Disturbance > p. 191
5. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 17: Contemporary Issues > Causes > p. 15