The process of fusion of the male and female gametes is called fertilisation. This is the process where the sperm from the male gamete fuses with the egg from the female gamete, resulting in the formation of a zygote. Fertilisation is an essential step in sexual reproduction, as it brings together genetic material from both parents to create offspring with a unique combination of traits.

Pollination, on the other hand, is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ to the female reproductive organ in plants. It is a crucial step in plant reproduction, but it does not involve the fusion of gametes. Reproduction is a broader term that encompasses both asexual and sexual reproduction, but it does not specifically refer to the fusion of gametes. Seed formation is a later stage in the process of reproduction and is a result of fertilisation, but it does not specifically refer to the fusion of gametes.