When dried raisins are put in plain water, they swell up. If put again in brine solution, they shrivel up. This phenomenon indicates the property of

The phenomenon described is osmosis, which is the net movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration [t1][t2]. When dried raisins are placed in plain water (a hypotonic solution), water moves into the raisins through their cell membranes, causing them to swell; this specific process is known as endosmosis [t2][t3]. Conversely, when these swollen raisins are placed in a brine (salt) solution, which is a hypertonic solution, the water concentration outside is lower than inside the raisin. Consequently, water moves out of the raisin into the surrounding solution, causing the raisin to shrivel or shrink, a process termed exosmosis [t2][t5]. This selective movement of solvent through a membrane distinguishes osmosis from simple diffusion [t1][t6].

Sources

1. [1] https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport/diffusion-and-osmosis/v/hypotonic-isotonic-and-hypertonic-solutions-tonicity