Which among the following is not an aspect of Gender Mainstreaming (GM) ?

Gender Mainstreaming (GM) is a global strategy established by the United Nations to achieve gender equality [1]. It was formally adopted in 1995 during the Fourth World Conference on Women as part of the Beijing Platform for Action [3]. The strategy requires integrating gender perspectives into the design, implementation, and monitoring of policies across all political, economic, and societal sectors to eliminate disparities [3]. Option 4 is incorrect because GM did not precede the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). CEDAW was adopted much earlier, in 1979, and ratified by many countries (including India in 1993) well before the 1995 Beijing conference popularized the GM strategy [2]. While CEDAW provides the legal framework for rights, GM is the operational strategy adopted later to realize those goals across all government sectors [3].

Sources

1. [1] https://www.familyandwomen.gov.hk/en/story/2024092015282583348.html
2. [3] https://www.un.org/womenwatch/osagi/pdf/e65237.pdf
3. [2] https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/publications/Annex%202%20Global%20and%20Regional%20Commitments%20to%20Gender%20Equality.pdf