The correct answer is option 2: 1 and 2 only.
Option 1 states that tea cultivation requires a tropical and sub-tropical climate. This means that tea plants thrive in regions that have warm temperatures throughout the year. These regions typically have temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius, which is ideal for tea cultivation.
Option 2 states that tea cultivation requires heavy rainfall ranging from 150 cm to 250 cm. Rainfall is crucial for tea plants as they require a good amount of moisture to grow. The rainfall should be evenly distributed throughout the year to promote the healthy growth of tea plants.
Option 3 states that soil should contain a good amount of lime. Lime is necessary for tea plants as it helps to maintain the pH level of the soil. Tea plants prefer slightly acidic soil, and lime helps to balance the acidity.
In conclusion, the essential conditions for tea cultivation are a tropical and sub-tropical climate (option 1) and heavy rainfall ranging from 150 cm to 250 cm (option 2). Soil containing a good amount of lime (option 3) is not essential for tea cultivation.