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Option 1: Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus. Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads from person to person mainly through the fecal-oral route, meaning it is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Poliomyelitis primarily affects the nervous system, leading to paralysis in severe cases. Vaccines are available to prevent polio.
Option 2: Malaria is caused by a parasite. Malaria is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes carrying the Plasmodium parasite.
Option 3: Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is caused by a bacteria called Bordetella pertussis, not a virus.
Option 4: Ringworm is not caused by a virus. It is a fungal infection of the skin.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 1: Poliomyelitis.