Which of the following principles is/are taken into consideration by the Speaker while recognizing a parliamentary party or group? 1. An association of members who have an organization both inside and outside the House 2. An association of members who shall have at least one-third of the total number of members of the House 3. An association of members who have a distinct programme of parliamentary work Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The Speaker of the Lok Sabha recognizes a parliamentary party or group based on specific principles derived from the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business [3]. According to Direction 121 (often called the Mavalankar Rule), for an association of members to be recognized as a parliamentary party, they must have a distinct ideology and a common programme of parliamentary work [3]. Additionally, they must possess a functional organization both inside and outside the House [1]. Crucially, the numerical requirement for recognition as a party is a strength equal to the quorum of the House, which is one-tenth (10%) of the total membership, not one-third [3]. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect as it cites an incorrect threshold. Statements 1 and 3 correctly reflect the established criteria for organizational structure and a distinct parliamentary programme required for such recognition.

Sources

1. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
2. [3] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
3. [1] https://cms.rajyasabha.nic.in/UploadedFiles/Procedure/RajyaSabhaAtWork/English/346-364/CHAPTER10.pdf