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Which of the following statements about the musical culture in 18th and 19th century North India is/are not correct: 1. The period was marked by the growing eminence of Sadarang Neamat Khan who introduced the khayal form. 2. A large number of musicians moved out of regional centres to Delhi where they hoped they would receive more employment and patronage. 3. The period was marked by the formation of specific region based gharanas. Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct as Naimat Khan, known as 'Sadarang', was a prominent 18th-century musician in the court of Muhammad Shah who is credited with popularizing and establishing the Khayal form. Statement 3 is also correct; the 18th and 19th centuries saw the emergence of the gharana system as hereditary musical lineages formed distinct styles like Gwalior and Agra. However, statement 2 is incorrect. Following the decline of the Mughal Empire and the sack of Delhi in the 18th century, musicians actually migrated away from Delhi to regional centers like Lucknow, Gwalior, and Jaipur, where they sought new patronage from regional nawabs and rajas. The gharana system itself emerged as musicians settled in these regional areas to preserve their traditions. Therefore, only statement 2 is not correct.