The correct answer is option 4, Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body, such as the brain, spine, and kidneys.

Let`s analyze the other options to understand why they are not caused by bacteria:

Option 1, Hepatitis B, is actually caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and not bacteria. HBV is transmitted through contact with infected body fluids, such as blood or semen.

Option 2, Poliomyelitis, is caused by the poliovirus, which is also a virus, not bacteria. Poliovirus is an enterovirus that spreads through the fecal-oral route and can cause paralysis or even death in severe cases.

Option 3, Scabies, is a skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. While scabies is an infestation rather than an infection, it is not caused by bacteria.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4, Tuberculosis, as it is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).