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Consider the following pairs : 1. Pandharpur : Chandrabhaga 2. Tiruchirappalli : Cauvery 3. Hampi : Malaprabha Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Explanation
The correct answer is option A (1 and 2 only).
**Pair 1 is correct:** Pandharpur is an old town located on the right bank of the meandering BhÄŤma river, which is popularly known as Chandrabhaga in Pandharpur due to its crescent moon shape[1]. This pairing is accurately matched.
**Pair 2 is correct:** A few kilometers above Tiruchirappalli, the Kaveri river fans out forming a quadrant-delta in Thajavur District of Tamil Nadu[2]. This confirms that Tiruchirappalli is indeed located on the Cauvery (Kaveri) River.
**Pair 3 is incorrect:** Hampi is a renowned UNESCO World Heritage Site situated on the banks of Tungabhadra River in northern Karnataka[3], not the Malaprabha River. While Aihole is situated on the banks of the Malaprabha River[4], this is a different heritage site in Karnataka.
Therefore, only pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched, making option A the correct answer.
Sources- [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > The Kaveri > p. 21
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis question is a classic 'Wolf in Sheep's Clothing'. It looks like a tough cultural geography question requiring obscure knowledge of local river names (Chandrabhaga), but it is actually a basic History question. If you know Hampi is on the Tungabhadra (standard NCERT History), the entire question collapses via elimination.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"It is an old town and located on the right bank of meandering BhÄŤma river popularly known as Chandrabhaga in Pandharpur due to its crescent moon shape in Pandharpur."
Why this source?
- Explicitly states Pandharpur is located on the right bank of the BhÄŤma river, which is 'popularly known as Chandrabhaga' in Pandharpur.
- Directly ties the town's location to the river name Chandrabhaga used locally.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Bhima river called as Chandrabhaga river in Pandharpur, because of its meandering course and creates crescent Shape."
Why this source?
- States that the Bhima River is called the Chandrabhaga River in Pandharpur.
- Describes the local reason (meandering, crescent shape) for the river being called Chandrabhaga at Pandharpur, linking the name to the town.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"these devotees take a holy dip in the sacred Chandrabhaga River before proceeding to visit the Vitthal temple."
Why this source?
- Describes pilgrims in Pandharpur taking a holy dip in the 'sacred Chandrabhaga River' before visiting the Vitthal temple, implying the river at Pandharpur is called Chandrabhaga.
- Connects Pandharpur religious practice directly to the Chandrabhaga River, supporting the townâriver association.
- Explicitly states Pandharpur is located on the right bank of the BhÄŤma river, which is 'popularly known as Chandrabhaga' in Pandharpur.
- Directly ties the town's location to the river name Chandrabhaga used locally.
- States that the Bhima River is called the Chandrabhaga River in Pandharpur.
- Describes the local reason (meandering, crescent shape) for the river being called Chandrabhaga at Pandharpur, linking the name to the town.
- Describes pilgrims in Pandharpur taking a holy dip in the 'sacred Chandrabhaga River' before visiting the Vitthal temple, implying the river at Pandharpur is called Chandrabhaga.
- Connects Pandharpur religious practice directly to the Chandrabhaga River, supporting the townâriver association.
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > The Chenab (Asikni) > p. 10
Strength: 5/5
âIt flows in India for about 1180 km draining 26,755 sq km of area in India. The river Chenab is known as Chandra-Bhaga in Himachal Pradesh. The Chandra and Bhaga, the two main upper tributaries of the river, originate on either side of the Bara-Lacha Pass (4843 m) in the Lahul District of Himachal Pradesh. Of these streams, Chandra originates from the glacier east of the Bara-Lacha Pass while the Bhaga originates from the Surya Taal and make a confluence at Tandi. After uniting, the Chenab flows between the Pir-Panjal and the Greater Himalayas. Near Kishtwar, it makes a hair pin bend and flows across the Pir-Panjal at Riasi to enter into Pakistan.â
Why relevant
Notes that 'Chandra-Bhaga' is an alternate/historical name for the Chenab (a Himalayan river), showing that 'Chandrabhaga' can refer to multiple, geographically distant rivers.
How to extend
A student could use a map to check whether the 'Chandrabhaga' relevant to Pandharpur is a local Deccan stream or this Himalayan Chenab (likely not the latter), helping disambiguate names.
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > The Godavari > p. 21
Strength: 4/5
âGodavari is the largest river length 1465 km and basin area of 302063.93 sq km of peninsular India. It rises in the Western Ghats from a spring below Nasik, drains eastern and southeastern Maharashtra, Bastar plateau (Chhattisgarh), and Telengana and Andhra regions of Andhra Pradesh. It receives a large number of tributaries, particularly on its left bank, such as Purna, Maner, Penganga, Pranhita (the combined Wardha and Wainganga), Indravati, Tal, and Sabri. The Manjira is the only important right bank tributary. The Indravati and Sabri are the two streams which rise on the western slopes of the Eastern Ghats, but they flow east and south-eastwards, respectively.â
Why relevant
Describes major peninsular rivers and lists many tributaries of the Godavari in Maharashtra, implicitly giving which river-names are typical in that region.
How to extend
A student can compare the list of known peninsular/Deccan rivers and tributaries against 'Chandrabhaga' on an atlas to see if that name appears among local Maharashtra streams near Pandharpur.
CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Drainage > The Godavari Basin > p. 21
Strength: 4/5
âThe Godavari is the largest Peninsular river. It rises from the slopes of the Western Ghats in the Nasik district of Maharashtra. Its length is about 1500 km. It drains into the Bay of Bengal. Its drainage basin is also the largest among the peninsular rivers. The basin covers parts of Maharashtra (about 50 per cent of the basin area lies in Maharashtra), Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. The Godavari is joined by a number of tributaries, such as the Purna, the Wardha, the Pranhita, the Manjra, the Wainganga and the Penganga. The last three tributaries are very large.â
Why relevant
Gives the geographic scope of the Godavari basin in Maharashtra and names of its tributaries, illustrating how river basins and tributary names are catalogued for a state.
How to extend
Using this pattern, a student can look up which basin Pandharpur falls in (Godavari/Krishna/Tapi, etc.) on a map to test whether a Chandrabhaga stream is the local river.
INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: Drainage System > River Systems of the Peninsular Drainage > p. 24
Strength: 3/5
âPranhita, and the Manjra are its principal tributaries. The Godavari is subjected to heavy floods in its lower reaches to the south of Polavaram, where it forms a picturesque gorge. It is navigable only in the deltaic stretch. The river after Rajamundri splits into several branches forming a large delta. The Krishna is the second largest eastflowing Peninsular river which rises near Mahabaleshwar in Sahyadri. Its total length is 1,401 km. The Koyna, the Tungbhadra and the Bhima are its major tributaries. Of the total catchment area of the Krishna, 27 per cent lies in Maharashtra, 44 per cent in Karnataka and 29 per cent in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.â
Why relevant
Describes Krishna as the other major east-flowing peninsular river in Maharashtra and lists its tributaries, helping narrow which river systems serve towns in the region.
How to extend
A student could check whether Pandharpur lies in the Krishna basin rather than on any river named Chandrabhaga, by consulting an atlas and basin maps.
INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Human Settlements > EXERCISES > p. 19
Strength: 3/5
â1. Choose the right answers of the following from the given options.
⢠(i) Which one of the following towns is NOT located on a river bank? ⢠⢠⢠(a) Agra (c) Patna⢠(b) Bhopal (d) Kolkataâ
Why relevant
Exercise item highlights that many Indian towns are explicitly identified as being 'on a river bank'âimplying that town-to-river relationships are standard atlas facts to verify.
How to extend
A student should consult a reliable map or gazetteer entry for Pandharpur to confirm which named river (if any) the town lies on.
Notes that 'Chandra-Bhaga' is an alternate/historical name for the Chenab (a Himalayan river), showing that 'Chandrabhaga' can refer to multiple, geographically distant rivers.
A student could use a map to check whether the 'Chandrabhaga' relevant to Pandharpur is a local Deccan stream or this Himalayan Chenab (likely not the latter), helping disambiguate names.
Describes major peninsular rivers and lists many tributaries of the Godavari in Maharashtra, implicitly giving which river-names are typical in that region.
A student can compare the list of known peninsular/Deccan rivers and tributaries against 'Chandrabhaga' on an atlas to see if that name appears among local Maharashtra streams near Pandharpur.
Gives the geographic scope of the Godavari basin in Maharashtra and names of its tributaries, illustrating how river basins and tributary names are catalogued for a state.
Using this pattern, a student can look up which basin Pandharpur falls in (Godavari/Krishna/Tapi, etc.) on a map to test whether a Chandrabhaga stream is the local river.
Describes Krishna as the other major east-flowing peninsular river in Maharashtra and lists its tributaries, helping narrow which river systems serve towns in the region.
A student could check whether Pandharpur lies in the Krishna basin rather than on any river named Chandrabhaga, by consulting an atlas and basin maps.
Exercise item highlights that many Indian towns are explicitly identified as being 'on a river bank'âimplying that town-to-river relationships are standard atlas facts to verify.
A student should consult a reliable map or gazetteer entry for Pandharpur to confirm which named river (if any) the town lies on.
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