With reference to pulse production in India, consider the following statements : 1. Black gram can be cultivated as both kharif and rabi crop. 2. Green-gram alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production. 3. In the last three decades, while the production of kharif pulses has increased, the production of rabi pulses has decreased. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Gives an approximate national total for pulse production (nearly 14–15 million tonnes) and lists green-gram among many commonly grown pulses.

A student can compare an external figure for green-gram production (or estimated share) against the 14–15 MT total to judge whether it could be ~50%.

Provides a concrete production number for another major pulse (black-gram ~1.33 million tonnes), giving a scale for individual pulse contributions.

Compare black-gram's 1.33 MT to the total pulses (14–15 MT) to see what a single-pulse share looks like; use the same method for green-gram to assess plausibility of ~50%.

Shows the contested claim appears in a standard MCQ context (statement 2: 'Green gram (moong) alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production'), indicating this is a notable/commonly tested assertion but not itself proven here.

Treat this as a hypothesis to verify: look up or compute green-gram production vs. total pulses for circa 2020.

Describes the agronomic distribution and multiple growing seasons of green-gram, implying it is widely cultivated and could be a substantial contributor to pulse output.

Combine knowledge of wide cultivation and cropping intensity with state-level production data (from a map or stats) to estimate green-gram's likely share of total pulses.

Notes the major pulses-growing states and that pulses are grown in both seasons, giving context about the diversity of pulse production across crops and regions.

Use state-level prominence of other pulses (e.g., gram, tur) to assess whether one crop (mung) plausibly dominates nearly half the national total.

Contains an explicit textbook MCQ assertion that 'in the last three decades ... production of rabi pulses has decreased' (contrasted with increase in kharif pulses).

A student could treat this as a claimed pattern to verify by consulting time‑series production data for rabi vs kharif pulses over the 1990s–2020.

States that rabi pulses contribute more than 60% of total pulse production and that overall pulses production shows a fluctuating trend in recent years.

One could use this to test whether a >60% share is consistent over decades or fell, by checking historical shares of rabi‑pulse production across 1990–2020.

Defines the rabi season and lists important rabi crops including peas and gram (both pulses), linking crop seasonality to where and when pulses are grown.

Combine this with regional cropping maps (which areas grow rabi pulses) to see whether area or yields in those regions declined over three decades.

Lists major pulses and prompts distinguishing which are kharif vs rabi, giving a rule-set to classify pulses by season.

A student could classify pulse types (tur, urad, moong, masur, peas, gram) into rabi/kharif and then examine production trends by crop type to infer rabi‑pulse trends.

Notes declining soil fertility and unscientific crop rotation (wheat–rice) in major plains, a factor that could negatively affect rabi crops (many rabi pulses grown in these areas).

Use this to hypothesize that deterioration in soil fertility and intensive wheat/rice planting may have reduced rabi‑pulse yields/area; verify by regional yield/area data over 30 years.